The modulation of reward priority by top-down knowledge
The modulation of reward priority by top-down knowledge
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DOI：
10.1080/13506285.2014.981626
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发表时间：
2015-02-07
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Geng, Joy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stankevich, Beth A.;Geng, Joy J.
与奖励相关的功能自动捕获注意力，即使在奖励意外事件被移除时也会继续这样做。这种情况导致了这样一种假设，即奖励属于一类独立的注意力偏差，既不是典型的自上而下，也不是自下而上。这些实验的目的是了解自上而下的知识在多大程度上可以调节价值驱动的注意力捕获（a）的时间过程中的一个单一的审判和（B）时，奖励意外事件发生变化显着的审判。结果表明，自上而下的知识并不影响大小的价值驱动的注意捕获在一个单一的试验。当奖励偶然性发生明显变化时，价值驱动捕获的大小会出现明显的自上而下的调制，但原始奖励关联仍然对注意力有持续的偏见。这些结果有助于越来越多的证据表明，奖励关联通过与其他自上而下和自下而上的注意力偏差不同的机制来使注意力偏差。
Reward-associated features capture attention automatically and continue to do so even when the reward contingencies are removed. This profile has led to the hypothesis that rewards belong to a separate class of attentional biases that is neither typically top-down nor bottom-up. The goal of these experiments was to understand the degree to which top-down knowledge can modulate value-driven attentional capture within (a) the timecourse of a single trial and (b) when the reward contingencies change explicitly over trials. The results suggested that top-down knowledge does not affect the size of value-driven attentional capture within a single trial. There were clear top-down modulations in the magnitude of value-driven capture when reward contingencies explicitly changed, but the original reward associations continued to have a persistent bias on attention. These results contribute to a growing body of evidence that reward associations bias attention through mechanisms separate from other top-down and bottom-up attentional biases.