Foreword: Special focus issue on semaphorins.
Foreword: Special focus issue on semaphorins.
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前言：关于信号蛋白的特别关注问题。
DOI：
10.1080/19336918.2016.1262128
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Masahiko Taniguchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomoyuki Masada;Masahiko Taniguchi;Masahiko Taniguchi
1992年首次在无脊椎动物中发现信号蛋白1a（以前称为Fasciclin IV）， 1993年在脊椎动物中发现信号蛋白3a（以前称为Collapsin），作为发育过程中的排斥性轴突引导分子。迄今为止，已经鉴定出25种以上的信号蛋白基因，并将其分为7类和1种病毒信号蛋白。信号蛋白是含有约500个氨基酸的保守结构域（Sema结构域）的分泌和跨膜蛋白。神经匹林（Nrps）是3类信号蛋白的功能性受体，丛蛋白也被称为其他类型信号蛋白的受体。虽然信号蛋白最初被认为是斥斥性轴突引导分子，但除了神经系统的发育外，它还在许多重要的生物过程中发挥作用，包括血管生成、血管生成、肿瘤进展、骨生成和免疫调节。信号蛋白已在多种人类疾病中被发现，并被认为是药物发现的靶点。
Semaphorins were first identified in invertebrates, Semaphorin-1a (formerly Fasciclin IV) in 1992 and in vertebrates, Semaphorin3A (formerly Collapsin) in 1993 as repulsive axon guidance molecules during development. To date, more than 25 kinds of semaphorin genes have been identified and classified into 7 classes and a virus semaphorin. Semaphorins are secreted and transmembrane proteins containing a conserved domain (Sema domain) of about 500 amino acids. Neuropilins (Nrps) are functional receptors for class 3 semaphorins and plexins are also known as receptors for semaphorins of other types.Although originally identified as repulsive axon guidance molecules, semaphorins have functions in many important biological processes in addition to the development of the nervous system, including angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, tumor progression, osteogenesis and immune regulation. Semaphorins have been suggested in various human diseases and are thought to be target for drug discovery.