Herding, Settlement, and Chronology in the Balkan Neolithic
Herding, Settlement, and Chronology in the Balkan Neolithic
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巴尔干新石器时代的放牧、定居和年代学
DOI：
10.1179/1461957112y.0000000003
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
D. Orton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Orton
巴尔干半岛中部的新石器时代，聚落形式、建筑和物质文化发生了巨大的变化，在这一时期的后期出现了大量的、往往是长期存在的聚落，可以合理地称为村庄。本文探讨了放牧实践在这些大型的、或多或少定居的社区发展中的作用。放射性碳结果（包括来自戈莫拉瓦、奥波沃和佩特尼察的 27 个新的 AMS 日期）用于将可用的动物考古数据放入按时间顺序排列的框架中，从而可以比较该地区的遗址间和遗址内变化。这些数据表明了新石器时代晚期大规模畜牧业的发展，并讨论了其对流动性和社区凝聚力的影响。随着时间的推移，这种趋势在某些地点清晰可见，但与定居点证据一样，在整个地区既不普遍也不同步，这强调了变化是在各个社区层面上发生的，并且应该被理解。
The Neolithic in the central Balkans saw dramatic changes in settlement forms, architecture, and material culture, with substantial, often long-lived settlements that can reasonably be called villages emerging in the later part of the period. This paper examines the role of herding practices in the development of these large, more-or-less settled communities. Radiocarbon results (including twenty-seven new AMS dates from Gomolava, Opovo, and Petnica) are used to place the available zooarchaeological data into a chronological framework, allowing comparison of inter- and intra-site changes across the region. The data point to the development of large-scale cattle herding in the later Neolithic, the implications of which for mobility and community cohesion are discussed. This trend is seen clearly over time at certain sites but, like the settlement evidence, is neither universal nor synchronous across the region, emphasizing that change occurred, and should be understood, on the level of individual communities.