Testicular tissue cryopreservation and spermatogonial stem cell transplantation to restore fertility: from bench to bedside.

Testicular tissue cryopreservation and spermatogonial stem cell transplantation to restore fertility: from bench to bedside.
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DOI:
10.1186/scrt457
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发表时间:
2014-05-28
影响因子:
7.5
通讯作者:
Atala A
Atala A
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sadri-Ardekani H;Atala A

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在过去的三十年里,男性不育症的治疗取得了重大进展,特别是在1992年引入卵胞浆内精子注射技术之后。然而,许多男孩和男子仍然患有由于后天或遗传原因引起的原发性睾丸功能衰竭。需要新的和新颖的治疗方法来解决这些问题。精子发生起源于睾丸中的精原干细胞(SSC)。这些男性中的许多人缺乏SSC,或者由于特定的医疗条件或有毒暴露而随着时间的推移失去了SSC。SSC的丧失对于患有癌症并正在接受性腺毒性癌症治疗的青春期前男孩至关重要,因为由于性不成熟而没有精子冷冻保存的选择。在小鼠模型中开发SSC移植以在耗尽的睾丸中重新填充精子,为在其他动物模型(包括非人灵长类动物)中进行研究开辟了新的途径。近年来在人SSC的冷冻保存和体外增殖方面取得的进展为人SSC自体移植提供了希望。正在进行的研究主要集中在人类SSC自体移植的安全性和技术问题上。现在是时候为有不孕风险的父母和男孩提供咨询,建议他们冷冻保存和储存少量睾丸组织,以备将来用于SSC移植。
Male infertility management has made significant progress during the past three decades, especially after the introduction of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in 1992. However, many boys and men still suffer from primary testicular failure due to acquired or genetic causes. New and novel treatments are needed to address these issues. Spermatogenesis originates from spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) that reside in the testis. Many of these men lack SSCs or have lost SSCs over time as a result of specific medical conditions or toxic exposures. Loss of SSCs is critical in prepubertal boys who suffer from cancer and are going through gonadotoxic cancer treatments, as there is no option of sperm cryopresrvation due to sexual immaturity. The development of SSC transplantation in a mouse model to repopulate spermatozoa in depleted testes has opened new avenues of research in other animal models, including non-human primates. Recent advances in cryopreservation and in vitro propagation of human SSCs offer promise for human SSC autotransplantation in the near future. Ongoing research is focusing on safety and technical issues of human SSC autotransplantation. This is the time to counsel parents and boys at risk of infertility on the possibility of cryopreserving and banking a small amount of testis tissue for potential future use in SSC transplantation.
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