Effects of tree competition on corn and soybean photosynthesis, growth, and yield in a temperate tree-based agroforestry intercropping system in southern Ontario, Canada
Effects of tree competition on corn and soybean photosynthesis, growth, and yield in a temperate tree-based agroforestry intercropping system in southern Ontario, Canada
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.09.024
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gordon, Andrew M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reynolds, Phillip E.;Simpson, James A.;Gordon, Andrew M.
1987年，圭尔夫大学在加拿大安大略省南部30公顷的优质农业用地上建立了一个大型的以树木为基础的间作系统。目的是调查主要农作物间作树木的各个方面。在本研究中，目的是研究树木竞争效应（即遮荫和土壤水分竞争）对下层作物净同化（NA）、生长和产量的影响。在1997年和1998年两个生长季节，研究了间作系统中树木竞争对玉米（C4植物）和大豆（C3植物）光合作用和生产力的影响。玉米和大豆与杂交杨树（克隆- dn -177）和银枫（sacacharinum）间作，行距6英寸，行距12.5或15 m。对照行没有树木。树的排列方向大致为南北。在每棵树周围采样12个作物位置。它们分别位于树的东部和西部的2号和6号，沿着贯穿树干并垂直于树排的主轴，沿着主轴在每个位置的南北2米处。在7月的采样日，每天进行3次（上午、中午、下午）的植物净同化和水分亏缺测量。一般来说，树木竞争显著降低了光合辐射（PAR）、净同化（NA）、生长在离树行近（2 m）的大豆或玉米单株的生长和产量以及1998年的土壤水分。NA与两种作物的生长和产量高度相关。在这两年中，玉米的相关性都高于大豆，玉米而不是大豆受到遮荫的不利影响更大。1997年，杨树对NA的竞争效应最大，而不是枫。1997年，枫木处理的大豆和玉米植株水分亏缺量最低。然而，在这两年中，植物日水分亏缺与NA和两种作物的生长和产量的相关性不显著且较差。土壤水分（5 cm和15 cm）与1998年大豆产量显著相关。讨论了可能的修复策略，以减少树木对农作物的竞争相互作用。(c) 2006年Elsevier B.V.出版
In 1987, the University of Guelph established a large tree-based intercropping system on 30 ha of prime agricultural land in southern Ontario, Canada. The purpose was to investigate various aspects of intercropping trees with prime agricultural crops. In this study, objectives were to investigate tree competitive effects (i.e., shading and competition for soil moisture) on under-story crop net assimilation (NA), growth, and yield. The effects of tree competition on corn (C4 plant) and soybean (C3 plant) photosynthesis and productivity in the intercropped system were studied during the 1997 and 1998 growing seasons. Corn and soybeans were intercropped with hybrid poplar (clone-DN-177) and silver maple (Acer sacharrinum) at a within-row spacing of 6 in and between-row spacing of 12.5 or 15 m. Trees were absent from control rows. Tree rows were oriented approximately north and south. Twelve crop locations were sampled around each tree. These were at 2 and 6 in east and west of the tree, located along a primary axis running through the tree trunk and perpendicular to the tree row, and at 2 m north and south of each location along the primary axis. Net assimilation and plant water deficit measurements were made three times daily (morning, noon, afternoon) on sampling days in July. Generally, tree competition significantly reduced photosynthetic radiation (PAR), net assimilation (NA), and growth and yield of individual soybean or corn plants growing nearer (2 m) to tree rows in both years and soil moisture in 1998. NA was highly correlated with growth and yield of both crops. These correlations were higher for corn than soybeans in both years, with corn, rather than soybeans being more adversely impacted by tree shading. In 1997, poplar, rather than maple, had the greatest competitive effect on NA. In 1997, the lowest plant water deficits, for soybeans and for corn, were observed for the maple treatment. Nonetheless, in both years, daily plant water deficits were non-significantly and poorly correlated with NA and growth and yield of both crops. However, soil moisture (5 and 15 cm depth) was significantly correlated with soybeans yield in 1998. Possible remediation strategies are discussed to reduce tree competitive interactions on agricultural crops. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.