Vertebrate Predation and Food-Sharing in Cebus and Pan
Vertebrate Predation and Food-Sharing in Cebus and Pan
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1026343812980
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发表时间：
1997-10
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lisa M. Rose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lisa M. Rose
卷尾猴和黑猩猩是除了狒狒以外唯一已知的系统地捕食相对较大的脊椎动物的非人类灵长类动物。脊椎动物捕食是常见的，有据可查的在潘troglodytes，罕见的在潘paniscus，通常报告，但很少研究在Cebus。食物共享是常见的，在两个Panspecies，但很少报告野生卷尾猴。我目前正在进行的实地研究在圣罗莎国家公园，哥斯达黎加的白面卷尾猴（Cebus capucinus）的脊椎动物捕食和食物共享的数据。我们已经观察到106个成功的捕食事件，导致捕获的156猎物项目在2929观察小时（5.35猎物每100小时）。松鼠和雏鸟占捕获猎物的一半，其余的主要是雏鸟和鸟蛋。成年雄性捕食了52%的猎物和67%的松鼠。松鼠被积极猎杀，其中约65%是成年松鼠。我估计卷尾猴平均每年杀死43-50只松鼠，主要是在旱季。卷尾猴在81%的时间里会成群结队地捕食松鼠，17%的狩猎是成功的。没有证据表明合作狩猎，但偶尔合作的建议。食物分享率很低（每100小时1.7），肉类是成年人之间唯一的食物分享。我比较了C. capucinus与已发表的数据为潘troglodytes，主要是在贡贝和塔霍河国家公园。我讨论性别差异，狩猎策略，狩猎和食物共享之间的关系，以及各种生态和社会因素，可能会促进脊椎动物捕食在PanandCebus。
Capuchins and chimpanzees are the only nonhuman primates apart from baboons known to prey systematically upon relatively large vertebrates. Vertebrate predation is common and well documented inPan troglodytes,rare inPan paniscus, and commonly reported but infrequently studied inCebus.Food-sharing is common in bothPanspecies but rarely reported for wild capuchins. I present data on vertebrate predation and food-sharing by white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) from ongoing field studies at Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica. We have observed 106 successful predation events resulting in the capture of 156 prey items during 2929 observation hr (5.35 prey per 100 hr). Squirrels and nestling coatis comprised half of the prey taken; the remainder were mainly nestling birds and eggs. Adult males took 52% of all prey and 67% of squirrels. Squirrels are actively hunted and about 65% of them are adults. I estimated that the average capuchin group kills 43–50 squirrels annually, mostly during the dry season. Capuchins hunt squirrels in groups 81% of the time, and 17% of hunts are successful. There is no evidence for cooperative hunting, but occasional collaboration is suggested. Rates of food-sharing were low (1.7 per 100 hr), and meat was the only food shared between adults. I compare predation and food-sharing inC. capucinuswith published data forPan troglodytes,primarily in Gombe and Taï National Parks. I discuss sex differences, hunting strategies, the relationship between hunting and food-sharing, and various ecological and social factors that may promote vertebrate predation inPanandCebus.