Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain
Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain
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DOI：
10.1007/s11104-011-0957-x
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
A. Zhang;Yuming Liu;G. Pan;Q. Hussain;Lianqing Li;Jin-wei Zheng;Xuhui Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Zhang;Yuming Liu;G. Pan;Q. Hussain;Lianqing Li;Jin-wei Zheng;Xuhui Zhang
目的在中国大平原中部河南省有机碳贫乏的钙质壤土上进行田间试验，研究生物炭对玉米产量和温室气体（GHG）的影响。方法在施氮肥或不施氮肥的情况下，以 0、20 和 40 t ha−1 的施用量施用生物炭。施氮肥时，尿素施用量为300 kg N ha−1，其中60%作为基肥，40%作为作物生长期间的追肥。在整个玉米生长季节 (WMGS)，使用密闭室每隔 7 天监测土壤中二氧化碳、甲烷和氧化亚氮的排放量。结果生物炭改良剂显着提高了玉米产量，但减少了温室气体排放。在 20 t ha−1 和 40 t ha−1 的生物炭改良下，不施氮肥玉米产量分别增加了 15.8% 和 7.3%，施氮肥玉米产量分别增加了 8.8% 和 12.1%。与未施氮肥的生物炭改良相比，20 t ha−1 和 40 t ha−1 生物炭改良下的 N2O 排放总量分别减少了 10.7% 和 41.8%。高比例的生物炭 (40 t ha−1) 在不施氮肥的情况下使二氧化碳总排放量增加了 12%。总体而言，20 t ha−1 和 40 t ha−1 的生物炭修正使 CH4 和 N2O 的总全球变暖潜势 (GWP) 在不施氮肥的情况下分别降低了 9.8% 和 41.5%，在施氮肥的情况下分别降低了 23.8% 和 47.6%。生物炭改良剂还降低了土壤容重并增加了土壤总氮含量，但对土壤矿物质氮没有影响。结论这些结果表明，在土壤有机碳含量低的钙质和贫瘠干旱农田中施用生物炭将提高作物生产力并减少温室气体排放。
AimsA field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar on maize yield and greenhouse gases (GHGs) in a calcareous loamy soil poor in organic carbon from Henan, central great plain, China.MethodsBiochar was applied at rates of 0, 20 and 40 t ha−1with or without N fertilization. With N fertilization, urea was applied at 300 kg N ha−1, of which 60% was applied as basal fertilizer and 40% as supplementary fertilizer during crop growth. Soil emissions of CO2, CH4and N2O were monitored using closed chambers at 7 days intervals throughout the whole maize growing season (WMGS).ResultsBiochar amendments significantly increased maize production but decreased GHGs. Maize yield was increased by 15.8% and 7.3% without N fertilization, and by 8.8% and 12.1% with N fertilization under biochar amendment at 20 t ha−1and 40 t ha−1, respectively. Total N2O emission was decreased by 10.7% and by 41.8% under biochar amendment at 20 t ha−1and 40 t ha−1compared to no biochar amendment with N fertilization. The high rate of biochar (40 t ha−1) increased the total CO2emission by 12% without N fertilization. Overall, biochar amendments of 20 t ha−1and 40 t ha−1decreased the total global warming potential (GWP) of CH4and N2O by 9.8% and by 41.5% without N fertilization, and by 23.8% and 47.6% with N fertilization, respectively. Biochar amendments also decreased soil bulk density and increased soil total N contents but had no effect on soil mineral N.ConclusionsThese results suggest that application of biochar to calcareous and infertile dry croplands poor in soil organic carbon will enhance crop productivity and reduce GHGs emissions.