Is mindfulness present-centred and non-judgmental? A discussion of the cognitive dimensions of mindfulness
Is mindfulness present-centred and non-judgmental? A discussion of the cognitive dimensions of mindfulness
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DOI：
10.1080/14639947.2011.564815
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Dreyfus, Georges
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dreyfus, Georges
本文批评了正念作为以当下为中心的非判断性觉知的标准描述，认为这种说法忽略了正念的一些核心特征，如古典佛教描述的那样，这些正念既与过去有关，也与现在有关。我指出，对于这些来源，正念的中心特征不是它目前的焦点，而是它持有对象的能力，从而允许持续的关注，无论对象是否存在。我进一步表明，对于这些来源，正念可以是明确的评估性的，从而证明了古典佛教描述与现代对正念的描述不同于非评判的程度。我的结论是，尽管这种现代的描述作为一种旨在用于实践教学的可操作性的定义可能是有用的，但它并没有为正念的理论分析提供足够的基础，因为它没有强调其保持的性质，从而优先考虑其所谓的非概念性。
This essay critiques the standard characterization of mindfulness as present-centred non-judgmental awareness, arguing that this account misses some of the central features of mindfulness as described by classical Buddhist accounts, which present mindfulness as being relevant to the past as well as to the present. I show that for these sources the central feature of mindfulness is not its present focus but its capacity to hold its object and thus allow for sustained attention, regardless of whether the object is present or not. I further show that for these sources mindfulness can be explicitly evaluative, thus demonstrating the degree to which classical Buddhist accounts differ from the modern description of mindfulness as non-judgmental. I conclude that although this modern description may be useful as an operational definition intended for practical instruction, it does not provide an adequate basis for a theoretical analysis of mindfulness, for it fails to emphasize its retentive nature to privilege its alleged nonconceptuality.