OpenStreetCab: Exploiting Taxi Mobility Patterns in New York City to Reduce Commuter Costs
OpenStreetCab: Exploiting Taxi Mobility Patterns in New York City to Reduce Commuter Costs
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发表时间：
2015-03
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通讯作者：
V. Salnikov;R. Lambiotte;A. Noulas;C. Mascolo
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作者：
V. Salnikov;R. Lambiotte;A. Noulas;C. Mascolo
优步作为全球替代出租车运营商的崛起最近吸引了很多人的兴趣。除了讨论这一新现象的媒体头条之外，例如关于它如何颠覆传统交通行业，政策制定者、经济学家、公民和科学家围绕如何将新一代共享经济服务融入城市生态系统展开了讨论。在这项工作中，我们的目标是通过利用描述纽约市黄色出租车流动性的公开纵向数据集，为讨论提供新的思路。除了出行情况外，该数据还包含出租车客户每次行程支付的费用信息。因此，我们有机会在世界上最大的大都市中心之一，对标志性的黄色出租车与其现代竞争对手 Uber 进行首次正面比较。我们确定了 Uber X（Uber 出租车服务最便宜的版本）在同一旅程中往往比黄色出租车更贵的情况。我们还展示了 Uber 的经济模型如何有效地利用众所周知的人类流动模式。最后，我们进一步分析，提出了一种新的移动应用程序，该应用程序可以比较城市中的出租车价格，以方便旅行者选择出租车，希望最终能够降低通勤成本。我们的研究提供了一个案例，说明公开的大型数据集如何通过为缺乏最新监管的经济部门提供透明度的机会来改善消费者的城市服务。
The rise of Uber as the global alternative taxi operator has attracted a lot of interest recently. Aside from the media headlines which discuss the new phenomenon, e.g. on how it has disrupted the traditional transportation industry, policy makers, economists, citizens and scientists have engaged in a discussion that is centred around the means to integrate the new generation of the sharing economy services in urban ecosystems. In this work, we aim to shed new light on the discussion, by taking advantage of a publicly available longitudinal dataset that describes the mobility of yellow taxis in New York City. In addition to movement, this data contains information on the fares paid by the taxi customers for each trip. As a result we are given the opportunity to provide a first head to head comparison between the iconic yellow taxi and its modern competitor, Uber, in one of the world's largest metropolitan centres. We identify situations when Uber X, the cheapest version of the Uber taxi service, tends to be more expensive than yellow taxis for the same journey. We also demonstrate how Uber's economic model effectively takes advantage of well known patterns in human movement. Finally, we take our analysis a step further by proposing a new mobile application that compares taxi prices in the city to facilitate traveller's taxi choices, hoping to ultimately to lead to a reduction of commuter costs. Our study provides a case on how big datasets that become public can improve urban services for consumers by offering the opportunity for transparency in economic sectors that lack up to date regulations.