Old and new horizons on Persea americana transformation techniques and applications
Old and new horizons on Persea americana transformation techniques and applications
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DOI：
10.1007/s11240-022-02268-7
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Diana Isabel Tamayo-Ramos;J. A. Salazar-González;S. Casson;Rafael Urrea-López
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文献类型：
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作者：
Diana Isabel Tamayo-Ramos;J. A. Salazar-González;S. Casson;Rafael Urrea-López
鳄梨是国际市场上交易量最大的热带水果之一，而且在过去的十年里，需求显著增长，提高了价格，扩大了产量。在目前的情况下，由于鳄梨果园的扩大、气候变化和入侵病原体的流行，人们越来越担心对环境的影响，因此需要加快鳄梨育种计划。开发具有新性状的鳄梨新品种是育种者的一个重要目标，所有这些都是以节省时间和成本的方式。可取的性状包括矮化砧木的发育，采后货架期的延长，盐度和抗旱性，以及对主要病原菌如肉桂疫霉病、坏死病和月桂斑病的抗性。同时，传统育种机构对鳄梨进行的遗传改良也取得了一定的成功，这就是为什么直到今天，主要品种仍然来自自由授粉的幼苗。然而，分子生物学和基因工程技术的进步扩大了对不同植物的育种知识，包括一些多年生植物，以更有效、更精确和更有针对性的方式。本文综述了牛油果遗传转化工作的现有文献，重点介绍了牛油果遗传转化的方法学，重点介绍了所取得的成就和面临的挑战。
The avocado,Persea americanaMill., is one of the most traded tropical fruits in the international market, furthermore, demand has significantly grown over the last decade, increasing its prices and expanding its production. In the current scenario of increasing concern about environmental impact due to the expansion of avocado orchards, climate change and epidemics of invasive pathogens, there is a need to accelerate avocado breeding programmes. Developing new avocado cultivars with novel traits is an important goal for breeders, all in a time- and cost-efficient manner. Desirable traits include the development of dwarf rootstocks, increased postharvest shelf life, salinity, and drought stress tolerance as well as resistance to major pathogens such asPhytophthora cinnamomi,Rosellinia necatrix, andRaffaelea lauricola. At the same time, genetic improvements done in avocado by the agency of traditional breeding have been moderately successful, which is why even today main cultivars still come from seedlings from open pollination. However, advancements on molecular biology and genetic engineering techniques have expanded knowledge on breeding different plants, including some perennial species, in a more efficient, precise, and targeted manner. This review summarises the available literature on avocado genetic transformation works, focusing on the methodologies, highlighting achievements and challenges.