Infants' attribution of a goal to a morphologically unfamiliar agent
Infants' attribution of a goal to a morphologically unfamiliar agent
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2004.00362.x
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Johnson, SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimizu, YA;Johnson, SC
婴儿如何识别环境中的心理行为者？对三组12个月大的婴儿进行了测试，看他们是否愿意将一个简单的接近行为编码为目标指导的函数，即该行为是由(1)一只人手，(2)一个形态上不熟悉的绿色物体与一个同盟者互动并有意地表现出来的，还是(3)同样不熟悉的绿色物体以一种匹配但明显随机的方式表现出来的。使用视觉习惯化技术，发现只有前两种情况下的婴儿将接近行为编码为目标导向。因此，婴儿似乎能够将目标归因于非人类，甚至是不熟悉的代理人。这些结果表明，到一岁结束时，婴儿已经有了一个广泛的概念，即什么是不容易被简化为人类的代理，什么是感知上与人类相似的物体，什么是显示自我推进的物体。
How do infants identify the psychological actors in their environments? Three groups of 12-month-old infants were tested for their willingness to encode a simple approach behavior as goal-directed as a function of whether it was performed by (1) a human hand, (2) a morphologically unfamiliar green object that interacted with a confederate and behaved intentionally, or (3) the same unfamiliar green object that behaved in a matched, but apparently random manner. Using a visual habituation technique, only infants in the first two conditions were found to encode the approach behavior as goal-directed. Thus infants appear able to attribute goals to non-human, even unfamiliar agents. These results imply that by the end of the first year of life infants have a broad notion of what counts as an agent that cannot easily be reduced to humans, objects that are perceptually similar to humans, or objects that display self-propulsion.