Temporal variation in western Hudson Bay ringed seal Phoca hispida diet in relation to environment
Temporal variation in western Hudson Bay ringed seal Phoca hispida diet in relation to environment
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DOI：
10.3354/meps10134
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ferguson, Steven H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chambellant, Magaly;Stirling, Ian;Ferguson, Steven H.
本文首次采用胃内容物分析和稳定同位素分析对哈德逊湾西部的环斑海豹Phoca hispida的食性进行了研究。1991年至2006年期间，在加拿大努纳武特的阿尔维亚特，对9只因纽特人自给性收获的环斑海豹进行了取样。在夏季和秋季的开放水域季节，环斑海豹主要以沙矛石螺为食。在春季，当每年的海冰仍然存在，北极鳕鱼Boreogadus色达和毛鳞鱼Mallotus villosus也是重要的饮食，和消费的无脊椎动物比在开放水域期间。根据SIA，成年环斑海豹比未成年个体利用的底栖生境略多。沙矛是整个研究期间消耗的主要猎物，但发生强烈的年际变化。当打破了海冰在春季是相对较晚，在20世纪90年代初，环海豹消耗的砂枪和总能量输入低于随后几年的研究，尽管更高的重要性杜父鱼（Cottidae）的饮食。其他鱼类的消费量在2000年代发生了变化：北极鳕鱼减少，而毛鳞鱼的重要性增加。我们的结果表明，WHB中的环斑海豹是沙矛专家，它们的种群动态有时受到自下而上过程的强烈调节。
We present the first study of ringed seal Phoca hispida feeding habits in western Hudson Bay (WHB) using stomach content analysis and stable isotope analysis (SIA). Ringed seals were sampled during 9 Inuit subsistence harvests in Arviat, Nunavut, Canada, over the period 1991 to 2006. During the open-water season in summer and fall, ringed seals fed mostly on sand lance Ammodytes spp. In the spring, when annual sea ice was still present, Arctic cod Boreogadus saida and capelin Mallotus villosus were also important in the diet, and consumption of invertebrates was higher than in the open-water period. From SIA, adult ringed seals exploited slightly more benthic habitats than immature individuals. Sand lances were the main prey consumed throughout the study period, but strong interannual variation occurred. When break-up of the sea ice in spring was relatively late, as in the early 1990s, ringed seal consumption of sand lance and total energy input was lower than in subsequent years of the study, despite a higher importance of sculpins (Cottidae) in the diet. The consumption of other fish species changed in the 2000s: Arctic cod declined whereas capelin increased in importance. Our results suggest that ringed seals in WHB are sand lance specialists, and their population dynamics are, at times, strongly regulated by bottom-up processes.