Perceptions of Barriers to and Facilitators of Participation in Health Research Among Transgender People.
Perceptions of Barriers to and Facilitators of Participation in Health Research Among Transgender People.
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DOI：
10.1089/trgh.2016.0023
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Goodman M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Owen-Smith AA;Woodyatt C;Sineath RC;Hunkeler EM;Barnwell T;Graham A;Stephenson R;Goodman M
目的：尽管变性人可能会增加一系列健康问题的风险，但他们一直是相对较少的健康研究对象。扩大证据库的重要一步是了解和解决不参加和辍学的原因。这项研究的目的是在加利福尼亚州旧金山和佐治亚州亚特兰大的变性人样本中探索参与健康研究的障碍和促进者的看法。方法：12个面对面焦点小组(FGs)，其中6个在旧金山(3个跨性别，3个跨性别)，6个在亚特兰大(3个跨性别，3个跨性别)。FGS被录音、转录并上传到MaxQDA软件进行分析。代码簿被用来对文本进行编码；新的代码会随着新代码的出现而迭代添加。4名研究人员中至少有2人对所有记录进行了编码，在对每个记录进行编码后，研究人员开会讨论任何差异，并通过协商一致解决了这些差异。结果：在67名FG参与者中，37名(55%)被确认为变性人，30名(45%)被确认为变性人。参与者的平均年龄为∼41岁(范围为18-67岁)，大多数(61%)是非西班牙裔白人。确定了几个阻碍参与健康研究的障碍，包括后勤方面的担忧、与不信任有关的问题、对参与机会缺乏认识以及与“出柜”有关的心理社会/情绪方面的担忧。还确定了广泛的促进者，包括获得知识、获得医疗服务和为变性人社区做出贡献的机会。结论：这些发现提供了对研究参与的感知障碍和促进者的洞察，并为我们正在努力让变性人社区参与健康研究的研究人员提供了一些指导。
Purpose: Although transgender people may be at increased risk for a range of health problems, they have been the subject of relatively little health research. An important step toward expanding the evidence base is to understand and address the reasons for nonparticipation and dropout. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of barriers to and facilitators of participation in health research among a sample of transgender people in San Francisco, CA, and Atlanta, GA. Methods: Twelve in-person focus groups (FGs) were conducted; six (three with transwomen, three with transmen) were conducted in San Francisco and six FGs were conducted in Atlanta (three with transwomen and three with transmen). FGs were audiorecorded, transcribed, and uploaded to MaxQDA software for analysis. A codebook was used to code transcripts; new codes were added iteratively as they arose. All transcripts were coded by at least 2 of the 4 researchers and, after each transcript was coded, the researchers met to discuss any discrepancies, which were resolved by consensus. Results: Among 67 FG participants, 37 (55%) identified as transmen and 30 (45%) identified as transwomen. The average age of participants was ∼41 years (range 18–67) and the majority (61%) were non-Hispanic Whites. Several barriers that can hinder participation in health research were identified, including logistical concerns, issues related to mistrust, a lack of awareness about participation opportunities, and psychosocial/emotional concerns related to being “outed.” A broad range of facilitators were also identified, including the opportunity to gain knowledge, access medical services, and contribute to the transgender community. Conclusion: These findings provide insights about the perceived barriers to and facilitators of research participation and offer some guidance for researchers in our ongoing effort to engage the transgender community in health research.