The emerging roles of the macular pigment carotenoids throughout the lifespan and in prenatal supplementation.
The emerging roles of the macular pigment carotenoids throughout the lifespan and in prenatal supplementation.
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DOI：
10.1194/jlr.tr120000956
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Arunkumar R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernstein PS;Arunkumar R
自从2013年发表了眼相关眼病研究2（AREDS 2）以来，黄斑色素类胡萝卜素叶黄素（L）和玉米黄质（Z）已经为眼科护理界和公众所熟知。灵长类动物从植物和昆虫中提取光保护色素和结合蛋白，以保护和增强视力，这是进化过程中一个令人着迷的方面。此外，这些植物来源的营养素的利用已被广泛接受，以预防年龄相关性黄斑变性造成的视力丧失。最近，人们越来越意识到这些营养素也可以在改善成人的视觉表现方面发挥作用。另一方面，在很小的年龄补充L和Z的潜在好处被低估了。在这篇综述中，我们研究了整个生命周期中L和Z补充的生化机制和支持性数据，特别强调产前补充。我们建议产前营养建议的目的可能是改善产妇和婴儿类胡萝卜素的状态。产前补充L和Z可能会增强婴儿的视觉发育和表现，甚至可能预防早产儿视网膜病变，这种可能性应该在未来的临床研究中进行研究。
Since the publication of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) in 2013, the macular pigment carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) have become well known to both the eye care community and the public. It is a fascinating aspect of evolution that primates have repurposed photoprotective pigments and binding proteins from plants and insects to protect and enhance visual acuity. Moreover, utilization of these plant-derived nutrients has been widely embraced for preventing vision loss from age-related macular degeneration. More recently, there has been growing awareness that these nutrients can also play a role in improving visual performance in adults. On the other hand, the potential benefits of L and Z supplementation at very young ages have been underappreciated. In this review, we examine the biochemical mechanisms and supportive data for L and Z supplementation throughout the lifespan, with particular emphasis on prenatal supplementation. We propose that prenatal nutritional recommendations may aim at improving maternal and infant carotenoid status. Prenatal supplementation with L and Z might enhance infant visual development and performance and may even prevent retinopathy of prematurity, possibilities that should be examined in future clinical studies.