Identification of cardiovascular risk factors in homeless adults
Identification of cardiovascular risk factors in homeless adults
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DOI：
10.1097/00000441-200211000-00002
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Szerlip, HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Szerlip, MI;Szerlip, HM
背景资料：心血管疾病是无家可归成年人的一个重要健康问题;然而，这一人群中常见的心脏病风险因素尚不清楚。这项研究旨在确定无家可归者存在的可逆心血管风险。方法：对路易斯安那州新奥尔良市一家无家可归者诊所的100名患者随机进行回顾性病历审查。这些患者与200名参加市中心初级保健诊所的非无家可归患者进行了比较。对2组的每张图表进行审查，以确定是否存在高血压、2型糖尿病、吸烟和高胆固醇血症。无家可归者和对照组之间进行了统计比较。结果：无家可归者高血压患病率为65%，而非无家可归者仅为52%[P < 0.05;比值比1.78（CI，1.09 ~ 2.9）]。吸烟在无家可归者中比非无家可归者更常见，分别为75%和57%[P < 0.005;比值比2.22（CI，1.27至3.88）]。糖尿病或总胆固醇的患病率没有差异。与全国数据相比，高血压、吸烟和糖尿病似乎在无家可归人口中的比例过高。结论：吸烟和高血压在无家可归人群中的患病率明显高于匹配队列。需要教育和预防计划来降低心血管疾病的患病率，并减少昂贵的医疗资源的过度利用。
Background: Cardiovascular disease is an important health problem among homeless adults; however, the common cardiac risk factors present in this population are unknown. This study was undertaken to identify the reversible cardiovascular risks present in the homeless. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed randomly on 100 patients who were seen at a homeless clinic in New Orleans, Louisiana. These patients were compared with 200 matched nonhomeless patients who attended an inner-city primary care clinic. Each chart from the 2 groups was reviewed for the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, cigarette smoking, and hypercholesterolemia. Statistical comparisons were made between the homeless and the control subjects. Results: Hypertension was present in 65% of the homeless but only 52% of the nonhomeless [P < 0.05; odds ratio 1.78 (Cl, 1.09 to 2.9)]. Smoking was far more common in the homeless than the nonhomeless, 75 versus 57%, respectively [P < 0.005; odds ratio 2.22 (Cl, 1.27 to 3.88)]. There was no difference in the prevalence of diabetes or total cholesterol. Compared with national data hypertension, smoking and diabetes seem to be represented excessively in the homeless population. Conclusions: Smoking and hypertension are significantly more prevalent in the homeless population than in a matched cohort. Educational and preventive programs are needed to reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and reduce the overutilization of expensive healthcare resources.