Pre-Adolescent Alcohol Expectancies: Critical Shifts and Associated Maturational Processes
Pre-Adolescent Alcohol Expectancies: Critical Shifts and Associated Maturational Processes
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DOI：
10.1037/a0025373
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Anderson, Kristen G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bekman, Nicole M.;Goldman, Mark S.;Anderson, Kristen G.
儿童的酒精预期在儿童晚期/青春期早期发生变化，被认为会导致青少年饮酒风险增加。这一转变的确切性质以及可能对其产生影响的成熟过程仍有待澄清。为了这些目的，我们比较了四个期望域的等级的期望认可：积极的，消极的，唤醒和镇静，在参加课外活动的3 - 6年级儿童的横断面样本（n = 299）。结构方程模型（SEM），然后被用来描述的期望和差异之间的关系（a）认知能力和概念形成，（B）冒险的人格特质，（c）社会曝光或价值观有关酒精相关的信息。结果显示，高年级的孩子比年轻的同龄人对酒精有更多的积极、消极和镇静的期望。概念形成部分和完全介导的等级和积极的和镇静的期望之间的关系，分别，但等级和消极的期望之间的关系。在这个样本中，感觉寻求并没有跨年级增加，感觉寻求和积极期望之间的关系完全由报告的酒精暴露和价值观介导。这项研究提供了一个基础，为今后探索发展的影响酒精的期望，了解这可能有助于预防工作的设计，针对高风险的青年青春期前。
Children's alcohol expectancies shift in late childhood/early adolescence in ways thought to lead to increased risk for adolescent alcohol use. The precise nature of this shift and the maturational processes that may influence it remain to be clarified. To these ends, we compared expectancy endorsement by grade across four expectancy domains: positive, negative, arousal, and sedation, in a cross-sectional sample of 3rd-6th grade children attending afterschool programs (n = 299). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was then used to describe the relationships between expectancies and differences in (a) cognitive ability and concept formation, (b) risk-taking personality traits, and (c) social exposure or values regarding alcohol-related information. Results showed those children in higher grades endorsed significantly more positive, negative, and sedating expectancies for alcohol than their younger peers. Concept formation partially and fully mediated the relationships between grade and both positive and sedating expectancies, respectively, but not the relationship between grade and negative expectancies. Sensation seeking did not increase across grades in this sample, and the relationship between sensation seeking and positive expectancies was fully mediated by reported alcohol exposure and values. This study provides a basis for future exploration of developmental influences on alcohol expectancies, an understanding of which may be helpful in the design of prevention efforts targeting high-risk youth before adolescence.