Preventing airborne disease transmission: review of methods for ventilation design in health care facilities.
Preventing airborne disease transmission: review of methods for ventilation design in health care facilities.
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DOI：
10.4061/2011/124064
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Green SI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aliabadi AA;Rogak SN;Bartlett KH;Green SI
卫生保健设施的通风设计对气溶胶传播疾病有很大影响。 控制医院感染并同时减少其碳足迹的愿望促使在建筑设计和相关控制措施中使用非常规解决方案。本文考虑了室内感染性气溶胶的来源和类型，以及病原体的生存能力和感染性行为对环境条件的反应。气溶胶的分散，传热和传质，沉积在呼吸道和感染机制进行了讨论，重点是实验和建模方法。描述了关键建筑设计参数，包括通风系统的类型（混合，置换，自然和混合），空气交换率，温度和相对湿度，气流分布结构，占用，空气工程消毒（过滤和紫外线辐射），以及建筑规划（源和活动管理）的医疗保健设施。本文介绍了主要的研究结果，并提出了未来的研究需要在卫生保健设施的通风设计方法，以防止空气传播感染的风险。
Health care facility ventilation design greatly affects disease transmission by aerosols. The desire to control infection in hospitals and at the same time to reduce their carbon footprint motivates the use of unconventional solutions for building design and associated control measures. This paper considers indoor sources and types of infectious aerosols, and pathogen viability and infectivity behaviors in response to environmental conditions. Aerosol dispersion, heat and mass transfer, deposition in the respiratory tract, and infection mechanisms are discussed, with an emphasis on experimental and modeling approaches. Key building design parameters are described that include types of ventilation systems (mixing, displacement, natural and hybrid), air exchange rate, temperature and relative humidity, air flow distribution structure, occupancy, engineered disinfection of air (filtration and UV radiation), and architectural programming (source and activity management) for health care facilities. The paper describes major findings and suggests future research needs in methods for ventilation design of health care facilities to prevent airborne infection risk.