Mechanisms of oxidation of guanine in DNA by carbonate radical anion, a decomposition product of nitrosoperoxycarbonate.

Mechanisms of oxidation of guanine in DNA by carbonate radical anion, a decomposition product of nitrosoperoxycarbonate.
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DNA 中鸟嘌呤被碳酸自由基阴离子(亚硝基过氧碳酸盐的分解产物)氧化的机制。

DOI:
10.1002/chem.200601434
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发表时间:
2007
期刊:
Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Shafirovich,Vladimir
Shafirovich,Vladimir
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee,YoungAe;Yun,ByeongHwa;Kim,SeogK;Margolin,Yelena;Dedon,PeterC;Geacintov,NicholasE;Shafirovich,Vladimir

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过氧亚硝酸盐是在炎症过程中产生的,并与二氧化碳快速结合产生不稳定的亚硝基过氧碳酸盐,其分解(部分)为CO3-和NO2自由基。 CO3-自由基通过单电子转移反应过程氧化 DNA 中的鸟嘌呤碱基,最终形成稳定的鸟嘌呤氧化产物。在这里,我们探索了这些机制,首先对从 20-22 聚体双链寡核苷酸到 CO3-自由基的电子转移动力学进行光谱研究,以及碱基序列对一个、两个或三个连续鸟嘌呤运行中最终产物形成的影响。通过凝胶电泳方法确定这些碱不稳定损伤的分布。级联事件是通过使用 308 nm XeCl 准分子激光脉冲来引发的,通过基于过硫酸盐光解成硫酸盐自由基和碳酸氢盐氧化的既定方法来产生 CO3-自由基。尽管 Saito 模型 (Saito et al.,J. Am. Chem. Soc.1995,117, 6406–6407) 预测 DNA 中单电子氧化相对容易,遵循趋势 5′‐⋅⋅⋅GGG⋅⋅⋅ > 5′‐⋅⋅⋅GG⋅⋅⋅ > 5′‐⋅⋅⋅G⋅⋅⋅,我们发现 CO3.−介导的氧化的速率常数这些序列上下文 (k5) 中的鸟嘌呤仅在狭窄范围 [(1.5–3.0)×107M−1s−1] 内显示出较小的变化。相反,最终产物的分布取决于碱基序列上下文,并且在 5′-⋅⋅⋅GG⋅⋅⋅ 序列中的 5′-G 处以及 5′-⋅⋅⋅GGG⋅⋅⋅ 序列中的前两个 5′-鸟嘌呤处较高。这些效应归因于连续鸟嘌呤之间的初始空穴分布以及每个鸟嘌呤化学反应产率的后续差异的组合。 k5 缺乏对序列背景的依赖表明 CO3.−自由基对 DNA 中鸟嘌呤的单电子氧化是通过内球机制发生的。
Peroxynitrite is produced during inflammation and combines rapidly with carbon dioxide to yield the unstable nitrosoperoxycarbonate, which decomposes (in part) to CO3.−and.NO2radicals. The CO3.−radicals oxidize guanine bases in DNA through a one‐electron transfer reaction process that ultimately results in the formation of stable guanine oxidation products. Here we have explored these mechanisms, starting with a spectroscopic study of the kinetics of electron transfer from 20–22mer double‐stranded oligonucleotides to CO3.−radicals, together with the effects of base sequence on the formation of the end‐products in runs of one, two, or three contiguous guanines. The distributions of these alkali‐labile lesions were determined by gel electrophoresis methods. The cascade of events was initiated through the use of 308 nm XeCl excimer laser pulses to generate CO3.−radicals by an established method based on the photodissociation of persulfate to sulfate radicals and the oxidation of bicarbonate. Although the Saito model (Saito et al.,J. Am. Chem. Soc.1995,117, 6406–6407) predicts relative ease of one‐electron oxidations in DNA, following the trend 5′‐⋅⋅⋅GGG⋅⋅⋅ > 5′‐⋅⋅⋅GG⋅⋅⋅ > 5′‐⋅⋅⋅G⋅⋅⋅, we found that the rate constants for CO3.−‐mediated oxidation of guanines in these sequence contexts (k5) showed only small variation within a narrow range [(1.5–3.0)×107M−1s−1]. In contrast, the distributions of the end‐products are dependent on the base sequence context and are higher at the 5′‐G in 5′‐⋅⋅⋅GG⋅⋅⋅ sequences and at the first two 5′‐guanines in the 5′‐⋅⋅⋅GGG⋅⋅⋅ sequences. These effects are attributed to a combination of initial hole distributions among the contiguous guanines and the subsequent differences in chemical reaction yields at each guanine. The lack of dependence ofk5on sequence context indicates that the one‐electron oxidation of guanine in DNA by CO3.−radicals occurs by an inner‐sphere mechanism.
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