Productivity and the Decision to Export: Micro Evidence from Taiwan and South Korea
Productivity and the Decision to Export: Micro Evidence from Taiwan and South Korea
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生产力与出口决策：来自台湾和韩国的微观证据
DOI：
10.3386/w6558
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mark J. Roberts
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Aw;Sukkyun Chung;Mark J. Roberts
尽管有广泛的经验证据表明出口生产商的生产率高于非出口商，但产生这种模式的机制尚不清楚。一种观点认为，出口商从国际联系中获取新生产方法、投入和产品设计的知识，这种学习导致出口商相对于更加孤立的国内同行而言具有更高的生产率。或者，出口商的较高生产率可能只是反映了更有效率的生产商自我选择进入竞争激烈的出口市场。在本文中，我们利用韩国和台湾制造业普查中收集的微观数据来研究生产者的全要素生产率与参与出口市场的选择之间的联系。我们发现各国在选择和学习力量的重要性方面存在差异。在台湾，企业进出出口市场的转型反映了自我选择模型所预测的生产率的系统性变化。事前生产率较高的企业往往会进入出口市场，而生产率较低的出口商往往会退出。此外，在一些行业中，进入出口市场后生产率会相对提高，这一结果与出口学习的结果一致。在韩国，基于生产力进行自我选择的证据要弱得多。此外，与台湾不同的是，我们发现进入或退出出口市场后生产率没有发生重大变化，这与从出口中学习是一致的。两国的比较表明，在韩国，生产效率以外的因素作为出口决策的决定因素发挥着更为突出的作用。
While there is widespread empirical evidence indicating exporting producers have higher productivity than nonexporters, the mechanisms that generate this pattern are less clear. One view is that exporters acquire knowledge of new production methods, inputs, and product designs from their international contacts, and this learning results in higher productivity for exporters relative to their more insulated domestic counterparts. Alternatively, the higher productivity of exporters may simply reflect the self-selection of more efficient producers into a highly competitive export market. In this paper we use micro data collected in the manufacturing censuses in South Korea and Taiwan to study the linkages between a producer's total factor productivity and choice to participate in the export market. We find differences between the countries in the importance of selection and learning forces. In Taiwan, transitions of firms in and out of the export market reflect systematic variations in productivity as predicted by self-selection models. Firms with higher productivity, ex ante, tend to enter the export market and exporters with low productivity tend to exit. Moreover, in several industries, entry into the export market is followed by relative productivity improvements, a result consistent with learning-by-exporting forces. In South Korea, the evidence of self-selection on the basis of productivity is much weaker. In addition, unlike Taiwan, we find no significant productivity changes following entry or exit from the export market that are consistent with learning from exporting. Comparison of the two countries suggests that in Korea factors other than production efficiency play a more prominent role as determinants determinants of the export decision.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Working Paper Series, International Centre for the Study of East Asian Development 2007-22
影响因子：
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作者：
Nannan Lundin,Fredrik Sjoholm,Ping He;and Jinchang Qian,;藤井敦史;Cassey Lee;北島健一;Eric D.Ramstetter and Phan Minh Ngoc;北島健一;Eric D.Ramstetter and Phan Minh Ngoc;的場信樹;Chih-Hai Yang
通讯作者：
Chih-Hai Yang