Understanding disability in mental and general medical conditions
Understanding disability in mental and general medical conditions
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.157.9.1485
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Pincus, HA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Druss, BG;Marcus, SC;Pincus, HA
目的：这项研究的特点是精神和一般医疗disabilities in the UnitedStates.Method的患病率，特点和影响：1994-1995年全国健康残疾访谈调查是有史以来最大的残疾调查在美国进行。对一个国家的样本进行了残疾筛查，残疾的定义是限制或无法参加主要的生活活动。分析比较了队列谁归因于他们的残疾身体，精神，或combined conditions.Results：106,573成人，1.1%的报告功能残疾的精神状况，4.8%的一般医疗条件，1.2%的综合精神和一般医疗条件。归因于精神状况的残疾主要与社交和认知困难相关，归因于一般医疗条件与身体限制的残疾，以及跨多个领域的缺陷的综合残疾。在多变量模型中，与患有单一形式残疾的受访者相比，合并的医疗和精神状况与失业几率的两倍增加和残疾补助金支持几率的三分之二增加相关。超过一半的非工作残疾人报告说，经济，社会和工作障碍导致他们无法工作。四分之一的工作残疾人报告歧视的基础上，他们的残疾在过去5 years.Conclusions：估计有三百万美国人（三分之一的残疾人）报告说，精神状况有助于他们的残疾。精神、一般医学和综合疾病与功能障碍的独特模式相关。社会经济因素和职业歧视可能会加剧临床综合征引起的功能障碍。
Objective: This study characterized the prevalence, characteristics, and impact of mental and general medical disabilities in the United States.Method: The 1994-1995 National Health Interview Survey of Disability was the largest disability survey ever conducted in the United States. A national sample was screened for disability, defined as limitation or inability to participate in a major life activity. Analyses compared cohorts who attributed their disability to physical, mental, or combined conditions.Results: Of 106,573 adults, 1.1% reported functional disability from mental conditions, 4.8% from general medical conditions, and 1.2% from combined mental and general medical conditions. Disabilities attributed to a mental condition were predominantly associated with social and cognitive difficulties, those attributed to general medical conditions with physical limitations, and combined disabilities with deficits spanning multiple domains. In multivariate models, comorbid medical and mental conditions were associated with a twofold increase in odds of unemployment and a two-thirds increase in odds of support on disability payments compared to respondents with a single form of disability. More than half the nonworking disabled reported that economic, social, and job-based barriers contributed to their inability to work. One-fourth of working disabled people reported discrimination on the basis of their disability during the past 5 years.Conclusions: An estimated three million Americans (one-third of disabled people) reported that a mental condition contributes to their disability. Mental, general medical, and combined conditions are associated with unique patterns of functional impairment. Social and economic factors and job discrimination may exacerbate the functional impairments resulting from clinical syndromes.