A century of trends in adult human height
A century of trends in adult human height
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.13410.001
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发表时间：
2016-07-26
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Cisneros, Julio Zuniga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bentham, James;Di Cesare, Mariachiara;Cisneros, Julio Zuniga
身高与寿命的延长、受教育程度的提高以及收入的提高有关。我们重新分析了 1472 项基于人口的研究，对超过 1860 万名参与者进行了身高测量，以估计 200 个国家/地区 1896 年至 1996 年出生的人的平均身高。过去一个世纪中，韩国女性和伊朗男性的成年身高增幅最大，分别增高了 20.2 厘米（95% 可信区间 17.522.7）和 16.5 厘米（13.319.7）。相比之下，在一个世纪的分析中，一些撒哈拉以南非洲国家和南亚的成年人身高几乎没有变化。这100年来最高的人是20世纪最后25年出生于荷兰的男性，平均身高超过182.5厘米，最矮的是1896年出生于危地马拉的女性（140.3厘米；135.8144.8）。一个世纪前，最高和最矮人口之间的身高差距为19-20厘米，尽管国家排名发生了重大变化，但女性的身高差距保持不变，而男性的身高差距则有所扩大。
Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.