Creating an arms control mechanism in North East Asia: the application of the European security co-operation regime
Creating an arms control mechanism in North East Asia: the application of the European security co-operation regime
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建立东北亚军控机制：欧洲安全合作机制的应用
DOI：
10.1080/1475179042000195492
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael Sheehan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael Sheehan
东北亚长期以来一直被认为是适用冷战后期为欧洲制定的军备控制和建立信任措施的适当区域。这两种情况之间存在着重要的差异，特别是欧洲谈判的集团对集团的性质，但尽管如此，有足够的相似之处，使比较不可避免。朝鲜就像冷战时期的欧洲一样，被一道铁幕分隔开，将两个全副武装的意识形态对手分开。韩国是美国的盟友，美国在其领土和附近的日本保持着相当大的力量。然而，直到最近，这两种情况之间的一个关键区别是，欧洲的突破是在相对缓和的时期开始的，而朝鲜半岛的特点是充满敌意和怀疑，这更像是20世纪50年代初的欧洲的特点，中国与台湾、韩国与日本、日本与俄罗斯之间的关系以重大的领土争端为标志。日本和中国都在积极推进军队现代化，因为它们都意识到地区安全环境的不确定性。朝鲜的核武器计划及其对劳动和大浦洞中程弹道导弹（IRBM）的开发也助长了地区不稳定感。1999年南北朝鲜海军部队之间的冲突也是如此，在冲突中，一艘朝鲜军舰被击沉，其他几艘严重受损。1此外，2002年，朝鲜半岛上酝酿已久的核危机再次出现，当时朝鲜驱逐了监测宁边核设施的国际原子能机构核查人员2，并似乎表示希望恢复不受国际监督的钚生产过程，引发了与《国防与安全分析》的对抗，第20卷，第1期，第110页。2004年3月，第39-54段
North East Asia has long been thought of as an appropriate region for the application of the kinds of arms control and confidence-building measures developed for Europe during the latter stages of the Cold War. There are important differences between the two cases, notably the bloc-to-bloc character of the European negotiations, but nevertheless there are enough similarities to make comparison inevitable. Korea, like Cold War Europe, is divided by an iron curtain separating two heavily armed ideological rivals. South Korea is an ally of the United States, which maintains considerable forces on her territory, and in nearby Japan. However, until recently, a crucial difference between the two situations has been that the breakthroughs in Europe began during a period of relative détente, whereas the Korean peninsula has been characterized by a depth of hostility and suspicion more characteristic of Europe in the early 1950s, and the relationships between China and Taiwan, South Korea and Japan, and Japan and Russia are marked by significant territorial disputes. Both Japan and China have been energetically modernizing their armed forces because of their perception of the uncertain regional security environment. North Korea’s nuclear weapons program and its development of the Rodong and Daepodong intermediate range ballistic missiles (IRBM) have also contributed to a sense of regional instability. So too did the 1999 clash between North and South Korean naval units in which a North Korean warship was sunk and several others seriously damaged.1 Moreover, in 2002 the simmering nuclear crisis on the Korean peninsula re-emerged when North Korea expelled IAEA inspectors monitoring the Yongbyon nuclear complex2 and seemed to suggest a desire to resume a plutoniumproducing process free from international scrutiny, triggering a confrontation with the Defense & Security Analysis Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 39–54, March 2004