Bias in computer systems
Bias in computer systems
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DOI：
10.1145/230538.230561
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发表时间：
1996-07-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Nissenbaum, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman, B;Nissenbaum, H
通过对实际案例的分析，计算机系统中的偏见被分为三类：预先存在的、技术性的和新出现的。先前存在的偏见植根于社会制度、实践和态度。技术偏见源于技术限制或考虑。出现的偏见产生于使用的背景下。虽然其他人指出了偏见在特定的计算机系统，并指出了普遍的问题，我们知道没有可比的工作，全面审查这一现象，并提供了一个框架，以理解和补救它，我们的结论是，建议自由从偏见应计算在选择的标准集，包括可靠性，准确性，和效率--社会上使用的系统的质量应该根据这些来判断。
From an analysis of actual cases, three categories of bias in computer systems have been developed: preexisting, technical, and emergent. Preexisting bias has its roots in social institutions, practices, and attitudes. Technical bias arises fi am technical constraints or considerations. Emergent bias arises in a context of use. Although others have pointed to bias in particular computer systems and have noted the general problem, we know of no comparable work that examines this phenomenon comprehensively and which offers a framework for understanding and remedying it, We conclude by suggesting that freedom from bias should be counted among the select set of criteria-including reliability, accuracy, and efficiency-according to which the quality of systems in use in society should be judged.