Trophic interactions among algal blooms, macroinvertebrates, and brown trout: Implications for trout recovery in a restored river
Trophic interactions among algal blooms, macroinvertebrates, and brown trout: Implications for trout recovery in a restored river
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藻华、大型无脊椎动物和褐鳟鱼之间的营养相互作用：对恢复河流中鳟鱼恢复的影响
DOI：
10.1002/rra.3523
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Valett, Herbert Maurice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peipoch, Marc;Valett, Herbert Maurice
鳟鱼丰度和溶解的金属浓度之间的正相关性沿着上克拉克福克河（UCFR;蒙大拿州，美国）已迫使恢复从业者寻找潜在的原因，减少鱼类密度超出重金属污染。在整个河流中，营养物质的富集和夏季藻类的大量繁殖可能会阻碍鳟鱼种群的完全恢复。在这项研究中，我们评估了底栖无脊椎动物的群落结构和金属体的负担，并表征了褐鳟鱼和优势无脊椎动物类群之间现有的营养联系之前和期间夏季藻类水华在下游河段的UCFR鱼类密度低（20-30鳟鱼/公里），金属污染是相关的，但与上游相比最小。春季无脊椎动物丰度为1，727 ± 217只/m2，主要由Ephemerellidae和Baetidae科组成。在夏季藻华期间，无脊椎动物的丰度增加了15倍（20，580 ± 3，510个个体/平方米），主要是由于摇蚊科，水虱科和蚋科的丰度增加。铜体负荷（130 ± 42 ppm）高于任何其他重金属，无论季节如何，但砷，镉和铅的可检测浓度也被发现。贝叶斯混合模型结合金属负荷和稳定同位素表明，在春季，平均大小的鳟鱼，（355 ± 65 g）主要依赖于底栖分类群（Ephemerellidae和Hydropsychidae），而小型（<100 g）和大型（>400 g）鳟鱼主要依赖于无脊椎漂流物的主要组成部分Baetidae。觅食隔离有关鳟鱼的大小没有发生在夏季藻华，这可能反映了底栖藻类增殖的影响越来越大，或表明不分青红皂白地使用池栖息地的热避难所在夏季条件下由不同年龄的鳟鱼。
Positive correlation between trout abundance and dissolved metal concentrations along the Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR; Montana, USA) have forced restoration practitioners to seek underlying causes of reduced fish density beyond heavy metal contamination. Throughout the river, nutrient enrichment and summer algal blooms may be hindering full recovery of trout populations. In this study, we evaluated the community structure and metal body burdens of benthic invertebrates and characterized existing trophic linkages between brown trout and dominant invertebrate taxa before and during summer algal blooms in a downstream reach of the UCFR where fish densities are low (20–30 trout/km), and where metal contamination is relevant but minimal compared with upstream. In spring, estimated invertebrate abundance was 1,727 ± 217 individuals/m2and dominated by Ephemerellidae and Baetidae families. During summer algal bloom, invertebrate abundance increased 15‐fold (20,580 ± 3,510 individuals/m2) mostly due to greater abundance of Chironomidae, Hydropsychidae, and Simulidae. Copper body burdens (130 ± 42 ppm) were higher than any other heavy metal regardless of season, but detectable concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, and lead were also found. A Bayesian mixing model combining metal burdens and stable isotopes showed that in the spring, trout of average size (355 ± 65 g) relied mostly on epibenthic taxa (Ephemerellidae and Hydropsychidae), contrasting with small (<100 g) and large (>400 g) trout relying heavily on Baetidae, a major component of invertebrate drift. Foraging segregation related to trout size did not occur during summer algal blooms, which may reflect increasing influence of benthic algal proliferation or indicate the indiscriminate use of pool habitats as thermal refugia over summer conditions by trout of different ages.
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