The political economy of HIV prevention in Ghana: peer education, queer social reproductive labor, and the global development industry
The political economy of HIV prevention in Ghana: peer education, queer social reproductive labor, and the global development industry
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DOI：
10.1080/14616742.2024.2309243
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发表时间：
2024-03-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Gore，Ellie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gore，Ellie
在全球范围内，同伴教育已成为社区预防人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的一种日益流行的模式。在加纳，非政府组织动员同伴教育志愿者网络，在受艾滋病毒严重影响的人群中，包括男男性行为者中开展性健康外展活动。在发展话语中，同伴教育通常在其成本效率和“社区赋权”目标方面合理化。这篇文章探讨了这些倡议是否真的“赋予”了在加纳首都阿克拉从事男同性恋同伴教育工作的工人阶级男性权力，以及它们对酷儿政治组织的更广泛影响。从经验上看，本文借鉴了2013年至2014年间进行的人种学研究，包括对艾滋病毒/男同性恋者非政府组织的参与观察，对同伴教育者的小组和生活故事采访，以及对参与加纳艾滋病毒/男同性恋者和更广泛的女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性人和双性人（LGBTI）权利工作的主要公民社会行动者的半结构化采访。这篇文章将同伴教育概念化为一种社会再生产劳动的形式，这种劳动在全球资本主义经济中被系统地贬值并经常被忽视。它还认为，与干预措施的核心“赋权”目标相反，加纳的同伴教育在应对艾滋病毒流行病方面给酷儿工人阶级男子带来了不成比例的责任负担，增加了同伴教育者遭受恐同暴力和虐待的风险，并造成了工人阶级酷儿社区与本应代表他们的民间社会组织之间的分裂。
Peer education has become an increasingly popular mode of community-level human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention around the globe. In Ghana, networks of volunteer peer educators are mobilized by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to conduct sexual health outreach among populations disproportionately affected by HIV, including men who have sex with men (MSM). In development discourse, peer education is typically rationalized in terms of its cost efficiency and “community empowerment” objectives. This article explores whether these initiatives are indeed “empowering” for the working-class men who work as MSM peer educators in the Ghanaian capital, Accra, as well as their broader impact on queer political organizing. Empirically, the article draws on ethnographic research conducted between 2013 and 2014, including participant observation in an HIV/MSM NGO, group and life story interviews with peer educators, and semi-structured interviews with key civil society actors involved in HIV/MSM and wider lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and intersex (LGBTI) rights work in Ghana. The article conceptualizes peer education as a form of social reproductive labor that is systematically devalued and frequently invisibilized within the global capitalist economy. It further argues that, contrary to the intervention’s core “empowerment” aims, peer education in Ghana places a disproportionate burden of responsibility on queer working-class men in dealing with the HIV epidemic, increases peer educators’ risk of homophobic violence and abuse, and engenders division between working-class queer communities and the civil society organizations that are supposed to represent them.