The reinforcing, subject-rated, performance, and cardiovascular effects of d-amphetamine: influence of sensation-seeking status.
The reinforcing, subject-rated, performance, and cardiovascular effects of d-amphetamine: influence of sensation-seeking status.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.08.006
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发表时间：
2007-06
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
W. Stoops;J. Lile;C. Robbins;Catherine A. Martin;C. Rush;C. Rush;T. Kelly;T. Kelly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Stoops;J. Lile;C. Robbins;Catherine A. Martin;C. Rush;C. Rush;T. Kelly;T. Kelly
已经查明了可能导致易受药物滥用影响的个体差异。感觉寻求状态已被证明会影响对药物使用的脆弱性和对急性药物管理的反应。本实验的目的是使用改良的进行比程序来检查d-安非他明在高和低感觉寻求被试中的强化作用。一组受试者评级，性能和心血管措施也包括更好地表征d-苯丙胺在这些群体中的影响。10名高感觉寻求者和10名低感觉寻求者在教育、年龄、吸毒、身高和体重方面相匹配，第一次采样的d-苯丙胺剂量（0、8和16毫克）。在随后的会议上，受试者有机会工作的采样剂量的修改累进比例程序。d-安非他明起兴奋剂的作用并产生典型的兴奋剂样作用（例如，Like Drug的主题评分提高、表现增强和心率加快）。高感觉寻求者比低感觉寻求者更敏感的加强和一些主题的d-安非他明的影响。本实验的结果扩展了先前的研究结果，证明d-安非他明的强化作用随生物学基础的感觉寻求人格特质的功能而变化。这些结果表明，高感觉寻求者中兴奋剂药物使用和滥用的增加可能与这些个体对兴奋剂强化作用的敏感性增加有关。
Individual differences that may contribute to vulnerability to abuse drugs have been identified. Sensation-seeking status has been shown to influence both vulnerability to drug use and response to acute drug administration. The purpose of the present experiment was to examine the reinforcing effects of d-amphetamine in high and low sensation-seeking subjects using a modified progressive-ratio procedure. A battery of subject-rated, performance, and cardiovascular measures was also included to better characterize the effects of d-amphetamine in these groups. Ten high sensation seekers and ten low sensation seekers that were matched for education, age, drug use, height, and weight, first sampled doses of d-amphetamine (0, 8, and 16 mg). In subsequent sessions, subjects were offered the opportunity to work for the sampled dose on a modified progressive-ratio procedure. d-Amphetamine functioned as a reinforcer and produced prototypical stimulant-like effects (e.g., increased subject-ratings of Like Drug, enhanced performance, and increased heart rate). High sensation seekers were more sensitive than low sensation seekers to the reinforcing and some of the subject-rated effects of d-amphetamine. The results of the present experiment extend those of previous findings by demonstrating that the reinforcing effects of d-amphetamine vary as a function of the biologically based sensation-seeking personality trait. These results suggest that increased stimulant drug use and abuse among high sensation seekers may be related, in part, to increased sensitivity to the reinforcing effects of stimulants among these individuals.