The occurrence and function of collateral sprouting in the sympathetic nervous system of the cat
The occurrence and function of collateral sprouting in the sympathetic nervous system of the cat
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猫交感神经系统侧支萌芽的发生和功能
DOI：
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发表时间：
1957
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. G. Murray;J. Thompson
现在已经确定，在不完全去神经支配的横纹肌中存活的轴突通过侧支发芽的过程来扩展它们现有的神经支配区域，从而解释发生的功能恢复（关于综述，参见Edds，1953）。类似的过程也发生在部分失去感觉神经供应的皮肤中（Weddell，Guttmann & Gutmann，1941）。虽然在交感神经系统中没有直接观察到这种现象，但有证据表明在不完全去神经后功能显著恢复（Simeone，Cannon & Rosenblueth，1938; Geohegan & Aidar，1942）。在本工作中，部分失神经支配的上级颈神经节在猫进行切断交通支从各自的胸神经。随后，芽出现在神经节内从剩余的完整的节前纤维和形成突触与神经节细胞去神经的初步操作。在剩余的节前纤维的神经支配的领域中的这种空间增量导致神经节的几乎完全的功能恢复，甚至当多达90%的纤维已经被分开时。已经进行了实验，以便将神经节内的组织学和功能变化相关联，包括发芽过程的时间过程及其对乙酰胆碱释放、电反应和药理学反应的影响。在类似的条件下，节后纤维也可能通过侧支发芽反应。负责在交感神经系统的发芽过程的效率的因素进行了讨论。这项工作的初步报告已经出版（默里和汤普森，1956年）。
It is now established that surviving axons in incompletely denervated striated muscle extend their existing fields of innervation by a process of collateral sprouting, thereby accounting for the functional recovery which occurs (for review see Edds, 1953). A similar process also occurs in skin partly deprived of its sensory nerve supply (Weddell, Guttmann & Gutmann, 1941). Although the phenomenon has not been directly observed in the sympathetic nervous system, there is evidence of remarkable recovery of function after incomplete denervation (Simeone, Cannon & Rosenblueth, 1938; Geohegan & Aidar, 1942). In the present work, partial denervation of the superior cervical ganglion in the cat was performed by severing rami communicantes from their respective thoracic nerves. Subsequently, sprouts arise within the ganglion from the remaining intact preganglionic fibres and form synapses with ganglion cells denervated by the preliminary operation. This spatial increment in the field of innervation of the remaining preganglionic fibres results in an almost complete functional recovery of the ganglion even when as many as 90% of the fibres have been divided. Experiments have been performed so as to correlate the histological and functional changes within the ganglion, including the time course of the sprouting process and its effect on the acetylcholine release, electrical and pharmacological responses. It seems most likely that under similar conditions post-ganglionic fibres also respond by collateral sprouting. The factors responsible for the efficiency of the sprouting process in the sympathetic nervous system are discussed. A preliminary account of this work has already been published (Murray & Thompson, 1956).