The Polypill in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases Key Concepts, Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions
The Polypill in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases Key Concepts, Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1161/circulationaha.109.873232
复制
发表时间：
2010-11-16
期刊：
影响因子：
37.8
通讯作者：
Yusuf, Salim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lonn, Eva;Bosch, Jackie;Yusuf, Salim
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因1，影响了大约一半的人的一生。2随着有效预防和治疗策略的实施，发达国家的心血管疾病负担有所下降，3-5尽管这些成果受到肥胖、久坐不动的生活方式和糖尿病增加的威胁。3相反，发展中国家的心血管疾病有所增加，预计到2020年，全球80%的心血管疾病死亡率将发生在低收入和中等收入国家。1心血管疾病的主要危险因素是已知的。9 - 10个潜在可改变的风险因素占心肌梗死和卒中人群归因风险的90%，世界所有主要地区的估计值相似（图1）。6，7这些危险因素在人群中普遍存在。例如，在Frachial研究中，5%的中年人有最佳水平的风险因素，2在INTERHEART中，99%的对照受试者至少有1个心血管风险因素，6在美国国家健康和营养调查I，II和III中，1971-1975年期间低风险因素负担的患病率仅为4.4%，1988-1994年为10.5%，1999-2004年为7.5%。8
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death and disability globally1 and affects approximately half of all individuals over their lifetimes. 2 The CVD burden has decreased in developed countries as effective prevention and treatment strategies were implemented, 3–5 although these gains are threatened by increasing obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and diabetes mellitus. 3 By contrast, CVD has increased in developing countries, and by the year 2020, 80% of the global CVD mortality is predicted to occur in low-and middle-income countries. 1The major risk factors for CVD are known. Nine to 10 potentially modifiable risk factors account for 90% of the population attributable risk for myocardial infarction and stroke, with similar estimates in all major regions of the world (Figure 1). 6, 7 These risk factors are ubiquitous in populations. For example, in the Framingham Study, 5% of middle-aged individuals had optimal levels of risk factors, 2 in INTERHEART, 99% of control subjects had at least 1 cardiovascular risk factor, 6 and in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I, II, and III, the prevalence of low risk factor burden was only 4.4% during 1971–1975, 10.5% during 1988–1994, and 7.5% during 1999–2004. 8