Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Homes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Homes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph121215038
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kott, Jeff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rosen, Laura J.;Myers, Vicki;Kott, Jeff
无烟家庭可以帮助保护儿童免受烟草烟雾暴露（TSE）。本研究的目的是进行荟萃分析，以量化干预措施对家庭烟草烟雾污染变化的影响，通过空气尼古丁和颗粒物（PM）进行测量。方法：检索MEDLINE、PubMed、Web of Science、PsycINFO和Embase。我们纳入了旨在帮助父母保护儿童免受烟草烟雾暴露的干预措施的对照试验。两名评审员确定了相关研究，三名评审员提取了数据。结果：共纳入7项研究。通过尼古丁或PM评估，干预措施改善了家庭烟草烟雾空气污染。（6项研究，N = 681，p = 0.02）。分别对空气尼古丁和PM的分析也显示了一些益处（空气尼古丁：4项研究，N = 421，p = 0.08; PM：3项研究，N = 340，p = 0.02）。尽管有所改善，但在所有随访研究中，家庭中仍存在烟草烟雾污染。结论：旨在保护儿童免受烟草烟雾影响的干预措施可有效减少家庭中的烟草烟雾污染（通过空气尼古丁或PM评估），但污染仍然存在。在个人水平的干预后，家庭中持续存在的严重污染水平可能表明需要采取其他人口和监管措施，以帮助减少和消除儿童烟草烟雾暴露。
Introduction: Smoke-free homes can help protect children from tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify effects of interventions on changes in tobacco smoke pollution in the home, as measured by air nicotine and particulate matter (PM). Methods: We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase. We included controlled trials of interventions which aimed to help parents protect children from tobacco smoke exposure. Two reviewers identified relevant studies, and three reviewers extracted data. Results: Seven studies were identified. Interventions improved tobacco smoke air pollution in homes as assessed by nicotine or PM. (6 studies, N = 681, p = 0.02). Analyses of air nicotine and PM separately also showed some benefit (Air nicotine: 4 studies, N = 421, p = 0.08; PM: 3 studies, N = 340, p = 0.02). Despite improvements, tobacco smoke pollution was present in homes in all studies at follow-up. Conclusions: Interventions designed to protect children from tobacco smoke are effective in reducing tobacco smoke pollution (as assessed by air nicotine or PM) in homes, but contamination remains. The persistence of significant pollution levels in homes after individual level intervention may signal the need for other population and regulatory measures to help reduce and eliminate childhood tobacco smoke exposure.