What Lies Beneath: Determining the Necessity of International Groundwater Policy Along the United States – Mexico Border and a Roadmap to an Agreement
What Lies Beneath: Determining the Necessity of International Groundwater Policy Along the United States – Mexico Border and a Roadmap to an Agreement
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背后的原因：确定美国-墨西哥边境沿线国际地下水政策的必要性以及达成协议的路线图
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
Amy Hardberger
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作者：
Amy Hardberger
美国和墨西哥在边境沿着的许多含水层共享水源。虽然国际地表水受到了极大的关注，但关于共有地下水的政策却很少或没有。地下水是一种日益重要的资源，因为地表水资源正在迅速枯竭。虽然几乎没有关于地下水的国际协定，但指导文件提出了应包括哪些内容。边界两边对地下水的依赖增加，造成了冲突的可能性，因为水分配的唯一法律的框架涉及地表水。美国和墨西哥必须从被动决策转向主动决策。一旦思维发生这种转变，就可以采用以社区为基础的办法制定区域地下水协定，以保护受影响社区的生存。协议必须包括合作、数据共享、公平利用、地下水和地表水的相互关系以及执行机制。
The United States and Mexico share water in many aquifers along the border. Although significant attention has been given to international surface water, little to no policy has been generated regarding shared groundwater. Groundwater is a resource of growing importance because surface water resources are quickly being depleted. While there are almost no international agreements for groundwater, guidance documents suggest what should be included. Increased dependence on groundwater by both sides of the border creates the potential for conflict because the only legal framework for water allocation involves surface water. The US and Mexico must shift from passive to active policy decision-making. Once this shift in thinking occurs, regional groundwater agreements can be created using a community-based approach to protect the survival of affected communities. Agreements must include cooperation, data sharing, equitable utilization, the interrelationship of groundwater and surface water, and enforcement mechanisms.