Prevalence and correlates of opiate overdose among young injection drug users in a large US city
Prevalence and correlates of opiate overdose among young injection drug users in a large US city
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.10.006
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发表时间：
2007-05-11
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Kral, Alexander H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sherman, Susan G.;Cheng, Yingkai;Kral, Alexander H.
目的：本研究调查了马里兰州巴尔的摩市年轻注射吸毒者（IDUs）和非注射吸毒者（NIDUs）中目睹和经历阿片类药物过量的患病率及其相关关系。方法：数据来自一项对15-30岁注射吸毒者和非注射吸毒者（N = 309）的纵向研究，这些人在研究入组前5年内开始使用海洛因、可卡因和/或快克。人口统计学和药物使用变量的双变量分析分别采用卡方和Wilcoxon秩和检验。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来确定经历和目睹过量的相关性。结果：29%的参与者报告曾经经历过阿片类药物过量，57%的参与者报告曾经目睹过过量。曾经经历过阿片类药物过量与白人（调整优势比[AOR] = 3.2； 95%可信区间[CI]: 1.6, 6.4）、近期无家可归（AOR = 2.9； 95%可信区间[CI]: 1.5, 5.7）；注射时间分别为5.6 ~ 6.9年和< 5.6年（AOR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.8 ~ 8.9）；注射7.0-7.9年vs < 5.6年（AOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.03-6.1）；注射bbb8 vs < 5.6年（AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.2-10.2）。目睹阿片类药物过量与白人（AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.4, 4.1）和注射> 8年与< 5.6年（AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.0）独立相关。结论：本研究记录了目睹和经历阿片类药物过量的年轻人，新开始的IDUs和NIDUs的高患病率。该结果可以为整个美国越来越多的过量预防工作提供信息(c) 2006爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。版权所有。
Objectives: The current study examines the prevalence and correlates of witnessing and experiencing opiate overdoses among a sample of young, injection drug users (IDUs) and non-injection drug users (NIDUs) in Baltimore, MD.Methods: Data were derived from a longitudinal study of 15-30 year old IDUs and NIDUs (N = 309) who had initiated heroin, cocaine, and/or crack use within 5 years prior to study enrollment. Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used in bivariate analyses of demographic and drug use variables with each of the two dependent variables. Multivailate logistic regression models were used to identify correlates of experiencing and witnessing overdose.Results: Twenty-nine percent of participants reported having ever experienced an opiate overdose and 57% reported having ever witnessed an overdose. Having ever experienced an opiate overdose was independently associated with being White (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 3.2; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.6, 6.4) recent homelessness (AOR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.5, 5.7); and length of injection, 5.6-6.9 years versus < 5.6 years (AOR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.8-8.9); injecting 7.0-7.9 years versus < 5.6 years (AOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.03-6.1); injecting > 8 versus < 5.6 years (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.2-10.2). Having witnessed an opiate overdose was independently associated with being White (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.4, 4.1) and injecting > 8 years versus < 5.6 years (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.0).Conclusions: This study documents the high prevalence of witnessing and experiencing opiate overdoses among young, newly initiated IDUs and NIDUs. The results could inform the growing number of overdose prevention efforts throughout the U.S. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.