Low-level arsenic exposure: Nutritional and dietary predictors in first-grade Uruguayan children.
Low-level arsenic exposure: Nutritional and dietary predictors in first-grade Uruguayan children.
复制标题
低级砷暴露：一年级乌拉圭儿童的营养和饮食预测因子。
DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.022
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Vahter M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kordas K;Queirolo EI;Mañay N;Peregalli F;Hsiao PY;Lu Y;Vahter M
儿童砷暴露是一个公共卫生问题，但在预测因素和低水平暴露的影响方面研究不足。我们研究了乌拉圭蒙得维的亚5-8岁儿童接触无机砷的程度和饮食预测因素。在学校招募儿童; 357人入组，328人收集早晨尿液样本，317人进行两次24小时饮食回忆。尿砷代谢产物，即无机砷（iAs），甲基胂酸（MMA），二甲基胂酸（DMA），采用高效液相色谱氢化物发生和电感耦合等离子体质谱法（HPLC-HG-ICP-MS），和总浓度（U-As）用于暴露评估。尿中砷代谢物（%iAs，%MMA和%DMA）的比例在OLS回归中建模为食物组，饮食模式，营养摄入量和营养状况的函数。砷的暴露量较低（U-As中位数：9.9 µg/L），家庭用水（水As中位数：0.45 µg/L）不是暴露的主要因素。儿童与较高的消费量的大米有较高的U-As，但较低的%iAs，%MMA，和较高的%DMA。肉类消费量较高的儿童有较低的%iAs和较高的%DMA。营养密集型饮食模式得分越高，%iAs和%MMA越低，%DMA越高。较高的膳食叶酸摄入量与较低的%MMA和较高的%DMA相关。超重儿童有较低的%MMA和较高的%DMA比正常体重的儿童。总之，稻米是无机砷和DMA暴露的重要预测因子。较高的肉类和叶酸的消费，饮食中富含绿色绿叶和红橙色蔬菜和鸡蛋，以及较高的BMI有助于较高的砷甲基化能力。
Arsenic exposure in children is a public health concern but is understudied in relation to the predictors, and effects of low-level exposure. We examined the extent and dietary predictors of exposure to inorganic arsenic in 5–8 year old children from Montevideo, Uruguay. Children were recruited at school; 357 were enrolled, 328 collected morning urine samples, and 317 had two 24-hour dietary recalls. Urinary arsenic metabolites, i.e. inorganic arsenic (iAs), methylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-HG-ICP-MS), and the sum concentration (U-As) used for exposure assessment. Proportions of arsenic metabolites (%iAs, %MMA and %DMA) in urine were modelled in OLS regressions as functions of food groups, dietary patterns, nutrient intake, and nutritional status. Exposure to arsenic was low (median U-As: 9.9 µg/L) and household water (water As: median 0.45 µg/L) was not a major contributor to exposure. Children with higher consumption of rice had higher U-As but lower %iAs, %MMA, and higher %DMA. Children with higher meat consumption had lower %iAs and higher %DMA. Higher scores on ”nutrient dense” dietary pattern were related to lower %iAs and %MMA, and higher %DMA. Higher intake of dietary folate was associated with lower %MMA and higher %DMA. Overweight children had lower %MMA and higher %DMA than normal-weight children. In summary, rice was an important predictor of exposure to inorganic arsenic and DMA. Higher meat and folate consumption, diet rich in green leafy and red-orange vegetables and eggs, and higher BMI contributed to higher arsenic methylation capacity.