Genome sequencing and analysis of Aspergillus oryzae
Genome sequencing and analysis of Aspergillus oryzae
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DOI：
10.1038/nature04300
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发表时间：
2005-12-22
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Kikuchi, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Machida, M;Asai, K;Kikuchi, H
日本传统发酵食品和饮料生产中的重要真菌Aspergillus lupus的基因组已被测序。分泌大量蛋白质的能力和转化系统的发展（1）促进了A.现代生物技术的发展（2-4）。虽然A.黄曲霉（Aspergillusflavus）和黄曲霉（Aspergillusflavus）均属于曲霉属（Aspergillus，A.与A.黄曲霉素不会产生黄曲霉毒素，其在食品工业中的长期使用历史证明了其安全性。在这里，我们表明，37兆碱基（Mb）的基因组A。与构巢曲霉（5）和烟曲霉（6）的基因组相比，该菌株含有12，074个基因，扩增了7 - 9 Mb。三种曲霉的比较显示存在同线块和A。水稻特有的块（与A. nidulans和A. fumigatus）以镶嵌方式存在于A.米。A.水稻特异性序列富含参与代谢的基因，特别是那些用于合成次生代谢物的基因。分泌水解酶、氨基酸代谢和氨基酸/糖摄取转运蛋白基因的特异扩增支持了A.是理想的发酵微生物。
The genome of Aspergillus oryzae, a fungus important for the production of traditional fermented foods and beverages in Japan, has been sequenced. The ability to secrete large amounts of proteins and the development of a transformation system(1) have facilitated the use of A. oryzae in modern biotechnology(2-4). Although both A. oryzae and Aspergillus flavus belong to the section Flavi of the subgenus Circumdati of Aspergillus, A. oryzae, unlike A. flavus, does not produce aflatoxin, and its long history of use in the food industry has proved its safety. Here we show that the 37-megabase (Mb) genome of A. oryzae contains 12,074 genes and is expanded by 7 - 9 Mb in comparison with the genomes of Aspergillus nidulans(5) and Aspergillus fumigatus(6). Comparison of the three aspergilli species revealed the presence of syntenic blocks and A. oryzae-specific blocks ( lacking synteny with A. nidulans and A. fumigatus) in a mosaic manner throughout the genome of A. oryzae. The blocks of A. oryzae-specific sequence are enriched for genes involved in metabolism, particularly those for the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Specific expansion of genes for secretory hydrolytic enzymes, amino acid metabolism and amino acid/sugar uptake transporters supports the idea that A. oryzae is an ideal microorganism for fermentation.