Developmental changes in the weighting of prosodic cues.
Developmental changes in the weighting of prosodic cues.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00704.x
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发表时间：
2008-07
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
A. Seidl;Alejandrina Cristia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Seidl;Alejandrina Cristia
先前的研究表明，在发展过程中，对声音线索的重视程度或注意力在段的水平上会发生变化（Nittrouer和米勒，1997; Nittrouer，曼宁和迈耶，1993）。在本文中，我们研究了在超音段水平的声学线索的权重的发展过程中的变化。具体来说，我们测试了英语学习4个月大的小句分割任务的表现时，每三个声学线索的小句单位被中和，并将其与性能的基线条件下，没有线索被操纵。与6个月大的婴儿在同一任务上的表现相比（Seidl，2007），4个月大的婴儿与6个月大的婴儿相比，对小句边界的韵律线索的权重不同，比6个月大的婴儿更依赖小句边界的所有三个相关因素（停顿，音高和元音持续时间），而6个月大的婴儿主要依赖音高。我们将此解释为4个月大的婴儿使用整体处理策略的证据，而6个月大的婴儿可能已经能够单独注意到输入流中的孤立线索，并且可能能够利用特定于语言的线索加权。因此，在某种程度上类似于其他认知领域，婴儿开始作为整体的听觉场景处理器，只有后来才能处理个人的听觉线索。
Previous research has shown that the weighting of, or attention to, acoustic cues at the level of the segment changes over the course of development (Nittrouer & Miller, 1997; Nittrouer, Manning & Meyer, 1993). In this paper we examined changes over the course of development in weighting of acoustic cues at the suprasegmental level. Specifically, we tested English-learning 4-month-olds' performance on a clause segmentation task when each of three acoustic cues to clausal units was neutralized and contrasted it with performance on a Baseline condition where no cues were manipulated. Comparison with the reported performance of 6-month-olds on the same task (Seidl, 2007) reveals that 4-month-olds weight prosodic cues to clausal boundaries differently than 6-month-olds, relying more heavily on all three correlates of clausal boundaries (pause, pitch and vowel duration) than 6-month-olds do, who rely primarily on pitch. We interpret this as evidence that 4-month-olds use a holistic processing strategy, while 6-month-olds may already be able to attend separately to isolated cues in the input stream and may, furthermore, be able to exploit a language-specific cue weighting. Thus, in a way similar to that in other cognitive domains, infants begin as holistic auditory scene processors and are only later able to process individual auditory cues.