Introgressing the Aegilops tauschii genome into wheat as a basis for cereal improvement
Introgressing the Aegilops tauschii genome into wheat as a basis for cereal improvement
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将节节山羊草基因组导入小麦作为谷物改良的基础
DOI：
10.1038/s41477-021-00934-w
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
18
通讯作者：
H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Yun;Bai Shenglong;Li Hao;Sun Guiling;Zhang Dale;Ma Feifei;Zhao Xinpeng;Nie Fang;Li Jingyao;Chen Liyang;Lv Linlin;Zhu Lele;Fan Ruixiao;Ge Yifan;Shaheen Aaqib;Guo Guanghui;Zhang Zhen;Ma Jianchao;Liang Huihui;Qiu Xiaolong;Hu Jiamin;Sun Ting;Hou Jingyi;H
增加作物产量对于养活世界上不断增长的人口是必要的，作物育种者经常利用遗传变异来提高作物产量和质量。然而，小麦D基因组的狭窄多样性严重制约了其选择性育种。一个切实可行的解决方案是利用黄花莲基因渗入的基因组变异。在此，我们建立了一个快速导入平台来转移a的整体遗传变异。陶赤小麦，从而丰富了小麦种质资源库。为了加快这一过程，我们组装了4个新的参考基因组，对278个a序列进行了重测序。Tauschiiand构建了该小麦祖先种的变异景观。基因组比较强调了多种功能基因或新的单倍型在小麦改良中的潜在应用。构建了a的核心种质。包括85份材料，涵盖了该物种99%以上的总体遗传变异。将其与优质小麦品种杂交产生anA。合成八倍体小麦（A-WSOW）库。实验室和田间分析证实了该基因在小麦育种中的巨大潜力。我们的高质量参考基因组，基因组变异景观。tauschiiand和A-WSOW库为小麦基因发现和育种提供了宝贵的资源。
Increasing crop production is necessary to feed the world’s expanding population, and crop breeders often utilize genetic variations to improve crop yield and quality. However, the narrow diversity of the wheat D genome seriously restricts its selective breeding. A practical solution is to exploit the genomic variations ofAegilops tauschiivia introgression. Here, we established a rapid introgression platform for transferring the overall genetic variations ofA. tauschiito elite wheats, thereby enriching the wheat germplasm pool. To accelerate the process, we assembled four new reference genomes, resequenced 278 accessions ofA. tauschiiand constructed the variation landscape of this wheat progenitor species. Genome comparisons highlighted diverse functional genes or novel haplotypes with potential applications in wheat improvement. We constructed the core germplasm ofA. tauschii, including 85 accessions covering more than 99% of the species’ overall genetic variations. This was crossed with elite wheat cultivars to generate anA. tauschii-wheat synthetic octoploid wheat (A-WSOW) pool. Laboratory and field analysis with two examples of the introgression lines confirmed its great potential for wheat breeding. Our high-quality reference genomes, genomic variation landscape ofA. tauschiiand the A-WSOW pool provide valuable resources to facilitate gene discovery and breeding in wheat.