Relating measures of compositional differentiation among communities to conceptual models of migration and selection
Relating measures of compositional differentiation among communities to conceptual models of migration and selection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.02.002
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发表时间：
2014-05-10
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Ziehe, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gregorius, Hans-Rolf;Gillet, Elizabeth M.;Ziehe, Martin
选择和迁移是控制群落分化适应过程的主要决定性力量。为了区分它们对元社区结构的影响，我们从双重角度来看待元社区的组成差异：社区之间的类型分布（CDT，共同视角）和类型之间的社区成员分布（TDC）。从两个角度介绍并比较了离散度的度量和满足差异化基本特征（完全差异的最大化和没有差异的最小化）的四种度量。选择和迁移的概念模型（后者因其通过血统和类型的控制而区分）产生了测量值之间的关系，如果不满足这些关系，则会导致模型的拒绝。主要结果是： 分散性的衡量标准不是差异化的衡量标准，无法区分两种观点；人们普遍认为，与类型无关的迁移使社区在类型分布方面均质化，但这种观点是无效的，尽管它确实使社区成员的类型均质化；在与类型无关的迁移之后，群落之间相对于其成员的来源群落的分化限制了任何其他性状的分化；迁移对CDT和TDC的影响并不总是可以通过选择来实现，反之亦然；有效的移民比例可以通过衡量社区的组成差异和数量来获得。最后的结果基于应用于概念模型的有效变量的一般概念。 (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Selection and migration are the major deterministic forces that control adaptational processes of differentiation among communities. With the aim of distinguishing between their effects on metacommunity structure, compositional differentiation in metacommunities is viewed from dual perspectives: between communities for their distributions of the types (CDT, the common perspective) and between types for the distribution of their community membership (TDC). A measure of dispersion and four measures that fulfill the basic characteristics of differentiation (maximality for complete difference and minimality in the absence of differences) from both perspectives are introduced and compared. Conceptual modeling of selection and migration (the latter distinguished for its control by descent and type) yields relationships between the values of the measures that, when not fulfilled, lead to rejection of the model. Major results are: measures of dispersion that are not measures of differentiation cannot distinguish between the two perspectives; the commonly held view that type-independent migration homogenizes communities with respect to type distributions is invalid, though it does homogenize types for their community membership; after type-independent migration, differentiation among communities with respect to the source communities of their members bounds differentiation for any other trait; the effects of migration on CDT and TDC cannot always be realized by selection, and vice versa; effective proportions of migration can be obtained from measures of compositional differentiation and number of communities. The last result is based on the general concept of effective variables applied to conceptual models. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.