Multilevel longitudinal relations among impulsive traits, positive expectancies, and binge drinking from late adolescence to adulthood: A developmental test of acquired preparedness.
Multilevel longitudinal relations among impulsive traits, positive expectancies, and binge drinking from late adolescence to adulthood: A developmental test of acquired preparedness.
复制标题
从青春期后期到成年期的冲动特征、积极期望和酗酒之间的多层次纵向关系：后天准备的发展测试。
DOI：
10.1111/acer.15064
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chassin,Laurie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Waddell,JackT;Chassin,Laurie
背景获得性准备模型(APM)假设，高度冲动的人会产生更强的积极酒精预期，这反过来又预示着更多的饮酒。然而，大多数后天准备研究只关注人与人之间的关系，尽管理论表明存在潜在的特定于发展的人内关系。因此，目前的研究测试了从青春期晚期到成年的APM，同时从人与人之间的关系中分解出内部的APM。方法数据来自一项对家族性酒精使用障碍(N=653)的多代研究，研究时间间隔为5 年。参与者报告说，他们缺乏责任心、寻求感觉、积极的酒精预期，以及在每一波中狂饮。首先，缺失数据技术被用来创建一个“幽灵时间点”，允许指定四个特定于发育的时间点，分别代表青春期后期(18岁至20岁)、成年初期(21岁至25岁)、成年期(26岁至29岁)和成年期(30岁至39岁)。结果在人与人之间的层面上，责任心和感觉寻求程度越低，积极期望越高，积极期望越多，饮酒次数越多，积极期望越高。责任心、感觉寻求和积极期望之间不存在人与人之间的预期关系。然而，青春期后期缺乏责任心的人增加预测了正在出现的成人狂饮的人内增加，以及青春期晚期和新出现的成年人狂饮的人内增加分别预测了在新出现的和年轻的成年期间缺乏责任心的人内增加。同样，青春期后期和年轻人寻求感觉的人内增加预测的人内饮酒在成年初期和成年期分别增加。酗酒并不能相互预测寻求感觉。结论研究结果表明，后天准备效应可能发生在人与人之间，而不是在人内。然而，除了预期之外，还观察到了责任心、寻求感觉和酗酒之间的几种特定于人的发展的关系。从理论和预防两个方面对研究结果进行了讨论。
BackgroundThe Acquired Preparedness Model (APM) posits that highly impulsive individuals develop stronger positive alcohol expectancies, which in turn predicts heavier drinking. However, most acquired preparedness studies have focused solely on between‐person relations, despite the theory suggesting that there are potential developmental‐specific within‐person relations. Thus, the current study tested the APM from late adolescence into adulthood, while disaggregating within‐ from between‐person relations.MethodsData come from a multigenerational study of familial alcohol use disorder (N=653) spanning three waves 5 years apart. Participants reported their lack of conscientiousness, sensation seeking, positive alcohol expectancies, and binge drinking at each wave. First, missing data techniques were used to create a “ghost timepoint,” allowing the specification of four developmental‐specific timepoints representing late adolescence (age 18 to 20), emerging adulthood (age 21 to 25), young adulthood (age 26 to 29), and adulthood (age 30 to 39). Second, a Random‐Intercept Cross‐Lagged Panel Model tested between‐person and within‐person relations among variables.ResultsAt the between‐person level, lower conscientiousness and sensation seeking were correlated with higher positive expectancies, and positive expectancies were correlated with more binge drinking. There were no within‐person prospective relations among conscientiousness, sensation seeking, and positive expectancies. However, within‐person increases in lack of conscientiousness during late adolescence predicted within‐person increases in emerging adult binge drinking, and within‐person increases in late adolescent and emerging adult binge drinking predicted within‐person increases in lack of conscientiousness during emerging and young adulthood, respectively. Similarly, within‐person increases in late adolescent and young adult sensation seeking predicted within‐person increases in binge drinking during emerging adulthood and adulthood, respectively. Binge drinking did not reciprocally predict sensation seeking.ConclusionsFindings suggest that acquired preparedness effects may be between persons rather than within persons. However, several within‐person developmental‐specific relations among conscientiousness, sensation seeking, and binge drinking were observed, outside of expectancies. Findings are discussed in terms of theory and prevention.