Observations of surface mass balance on Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, and the effect of strain history in fast-flowing sections

Observations of surface mass balance on Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, and the effect of strain history in fast-flowing sections
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南极洲西部松岛冰川表面质量平衡观测以及快速流动剖面中应变历史的影响

DOI:
10.1017/jog.2019.36
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
KONRAD H
KONRAD H
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
KONRAD H

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表面质量平衡(SMB)是冰川上表面的净质量输入,包括雪沉积,融化和侵蚀过程,是整体质量平衡的主要贡献者。南极洲西部的松岛冰川(PIG)自20世纪90年代初以来一直处于动态不平衡状态,这表明固体冰排入海洋的数量超过了雪的沉积。然而,SMB模式上的快速流动的地区的观测是稀缺的,并可能受到积雪的应变历史。在这里,我们提出了新的观测雷达派生地层和一个相对密集的网络的雪芯,收集沿着一个~900公里的横贯PIG。1986年至2014年间,沿导线沿着的SMB为0.505 m w.e.。a-1,平均而言,与集水区东北部相比,西南部的雪沉积梯度更高。我们发现,沿着~80%的遍历的应变历史相当于SMB低于标称不确定性的错误估计,但可以超过它的一个因素5的地方,使其成为一个显着的修正SMB估计本地。我们发现,应变校正改变了流域范围的SMB约0.7 Gt a−1,从而形成了一个可以忽略不计(1%)的修正冰川的总SMB。
Surface mass balance (SMB) is the net input of mass on a glacier's upper surface, composed of snow deposition, melt and erosion processes, and is a major contributor to the overall mass balance. Pine Island Glacier (PIG) in West Antarctica has been dynamically imbalanced since the early 1990s, indicating that discharge of solid ice into the oceans exceeds snow deposition. However, observations of the SMB pattern on the fast flowing regions are scarce, and are potentially affected by the firn's strain history. Here, we present new observations from radar-derived stratigraphy and a relatively dense network of firn cores, collected along a ~900 km traverse of PIG. Between 1986 and 2014, the SMB along the traverse was 0.505 m w.e. a−1 on average with a gradient of higher snow deposition in the South-West compared with the North-East of the catchment. We show that along ~80% of the traverse the strain history amounts to a misestimation of SMB below the nominal uncertainty, but can exceed it by a factor 5 in places, making it a significant correction to the SMB estimate locally. We find that the strain correction changes the basin-wide SMB by ~0.7 Gt a−1 and thus forms a negligible (1%) correction to the glacier's total SMB.
通过区域气候模型解决南极洲西部沿海的气候和表面质量平衡
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