Limits on inference of gravitational entanglement

Limits on inference of gravitational entanglement
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引力纠缠推断的局限性

DOI:
10.1103/physrevresearch.4.013024
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Ma Y
Ma Y
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma Y

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将引力与量子力学结合起来仍然是物理学最大的挑战之一。在过去的几年里,人们提出了用光力学系统进行实验,这可能会提供有关引力量子本质的间接线索。在这种测试的最新变化[Carney,PRX Quantum 2,030330(2021)2691 - 339910.1103/PRX Quantum.2.030330]中,作者提出将原子干涉仪与介观振荡器引力纠缠。这种相互作用导致干涉可见度的周期性下降和恢复,在特定的假设下,这表明引力产生纠缠。在这里,我们研究半经典模型的原子干涉仪,可以重现相同的效果。我们表明,核心签名周期性的崩溃和复苏的可能性,可以出现,如果原子受到随机幺正信道,包括情况下,振荡器是完全经典的情况下,即使没有明确的建模的振荡器。我们还表明,振子的非经典性消失,除非系统是非常接近其基态,甚至当系统是在基态,非经典性是有限的耦合强度。因此,我们的结果表明,从拟议的实验中推导纠缠是非常具有挑战性的,因为实现和验证非经典假设本身就构成了一个重大挑战。
Combining gravity with quantum mechanics remains one of the biggest challenges of physics. In the past years, experiments with optomechanical systems have been proposed that may give indirect clues about the quantum nature of gravity. In a recent variation of such tests [Carney , PRX Quantum 2, 030330 (2021)2691-339910.1103/PRXQuantum.2.030330], the authors propose to gravitationally entangle an atom interferometer with a mesoscopic oscillator. The interaction results in periodic drops and revivals of the interferometeric visibility, which under specific assumptions indicate the gravitational generation of entanglement. Here, we study semiclassical models of the atom interferometer that can reproduce the same effect. We show that the core signature—periodic collapses and revivals of the visibility—can appear if the atom is subject to a random unitary channel, including the case where the oscillator is fully classical and situations even without explicit modeling of the oscillator. We also show that the nonclassicality of the oscillator vanishes unless the system is very close to its ground state, and even when the system is in the ground state, the nonclassicality is limited by the coupling strength. Our results thus indicate that deducing entanglement from the proposed experiment is very challenging, since fulfilling and verifying the nonclassicality assumptions constitute a significant challenge in their own right.
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