Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal are diverse and pervasive
Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal are diverse and pervasive
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DOI：
10.1093/aobpla/plz067
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发表时间：
2019-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
E. Schupp;R. Zwolak;Landon R. Jones;R. Snell;Noelle G. Beckman;Clare E. Aslan;B. R. Cavazos;E. Effiom;Evan C. Fricke;Flavia Montaño-Centellas;J. Poulsen;O. Razafindratsima;Manette E Sandor;K. Shea
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. Schupp;R. Zwolak;Landon R. Jones;R. Snell;Noelle G. Beckman;Clare E. Aslan;B. R. Cavazos;E. Effiom;Evan C. Fricke;Flavia Montaño-Centellas;J. Poulsen;O. Razafindratsima;Manette E Sandor;K. Shea
摘要越来越多的人认识到种子传播过程中的种内变异具有重要的生态和进化意义。然而，我们还没有很好地理解传播中种内变异的驱动因素或原因，这些驱动因素的影响有多强，以及它们在传播模式中的分布有多广。作为更好理解的第一步，我们对种子传播中种内变异的驱动因素进行了广泛但不详尽的回顾，以及仍然不确定的因素。我们首先将“种子传播种内变异的驱动因素”分解为内在驱动因素（即单个植物性状的变异）和外在驱动因素（即生态环境的变异）。对于内在性状，我们进一步将种内变异分解为个体间变异和个体内性状值变异。然后，我们回顾了我们对种子传播种内变异的主要内在和外在驱动因素的理解，重点是个体间的变异。作物大小是最受支持和最容易理解的分散模式变异的内在驱动因素；总的来说，即使在每粒种子传播率下降的情况下，产生的种子越多，传播的种子也越多。果实/种子大小是第二个最广泛研究的内在驱动因素，也与广泛的种子传播模式有关。其余的内在驱动因素知之甚少，其范围从可能广泛存在的影响（如植物高度）到最可能是偶发的驱动因素（如果实或种子颜色多态性）。种子传播变异的主要外在驱动因素包括当地环境条件和生境结构。最后，我们提出了一些悬而未决的问题作为起点，以促进我们对种子传播的个体差异的理解。
Abstract There is growing realization that intraspecific variation in seed dispersal can have important ecological and evolutionary consequences. However, we do not have a good understanding of the drivers or causes of intraspecific variation in dispersal, how strong an effect these drivers have, and how widespread they are across dispersal modes. As a first step to developing a better understanding, we present a broad, but not exhaustive, review of what is known about the drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal, and what remains uncertain. We start by decomposing ‘drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal’ into intrinsic drivers (i.e. variation in traits of individual plants) and extrinsic drivers (i.e. variation in ecological context). For intrinsic traits, we further decompose intraspecific variation into variation among individuals and variation of trait values within individuals. We then review our understanding of the major intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal, with an emphasis on variation among individuals. Crop size is the best-supported and best-understood intrinsic driver of variation across dispersal modes; overall, more seeds are dispersed as more seeds are produced, even in cases where per seed dispersal rates decline. Fruit/seed size is the second most widely studied intrinsic driver, and is also relevant to a broad range of seed dispersal modes. Remaining intrinsic drivers are poorly understood, and range from effects that are probably widespread, such as plant height, to drivers that are most likely sporadic, such as fruit or seed colour polymorphism. Primary extrinsic drivers of variation in seed dispersal include local environmental conditions and habitat structure. Finally, we present a selection of outstanding questions as a starting point to advance our understanding of individual variation in seed dispersal.