Impact of mid Eocene greenhouse warming on America's southernmost floras.

Impact of mid Eocene greenhouse warming on America's southernmost floras.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42003-021-01701-5
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发表时间:
2021-02-09
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Barreda VD
Barreda VD
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fernández DA;Palazzesi L;González Estebenet MS;Tellería MC;Barreda VD

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大约4000万年前发生了一次重大的气候变化--中始新世气候最佳期或MECO--由大气CO2浓度的显著上升引发。在海洋领域,对这种MECO的生物反应有很好的记录,但在邻近的陆地上却很少探索。在这里,我们量化的植物区系的反应,从美国的最南端的纬度的基础上,从中晚始新世(约46-34百万年)南部巴塔哥尼亚的分析terrestrially派生的孢子和花粉粒。稳健的非参数估计表明,在南部巴塔哥尼亚的植物区系平均约40%的MECO期间比前MECO和后MECO间隔更多样化。大气中二氧化碳含量高和气温升高可能有利于新热带移民与冈瓦纳物种的结合,这在一定程度上解释了我们在MECO期间观察到的高度多样性。我们重建的生物群反映了一个温室世界,并提供了一个无冰的亚南极地区的气候和生态深时间情景。在始新世中期气候适宜期,南美洲最南端的重建植物区系显示了这种变暖事件对植物多样性的影响。这一重建的生物群反映了一个温室世界,并提供了一个气候和生态的深时间的情况下,在没有冰的亚南极地区。
A major climate shift took place about 40 Myr ago—the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum or MECO—triggered by a significant rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The biotic response to this MECO is well documented in the marine realm, but poorly explored in adjacent landmasses. Here, we quantify the response of the floras from America’s southernmost latitudes based on the analysis of terrestrially derived spores and pollen grains from the mid-late Eocene (~46–34 Myr) of southern Patagonia. Robust nonparametric estimators indicate that floras in southern Patagonia were in average ~40% more diverse during the MECO than pre-MECO and post-MECO intervals. The high atmospheric CO2 and increasing temperatures may have favored the combination of neotropical migrants with Gondwanan species, explaining in part the high diversity that we observed during the MECO. Our reconstructed biota reflects a greenhouse world and offers a climatic and ecological deep time scenario of an ice-free sub-Antarctic realm. Reconstructed floras from southernmost South America during the Middle Eocene Climate Optimum show the impact of this warming event on floral diversity. This reconstructed biota reflects a greenhouse world and offers a climatic and ecological deep time scenario of a sub-Antarctic region in the absence of ice.
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