Investigation of the inorganic and organic phosphorus forms in animal manure.
Investigation of the inorganic and organic phosphorus forms in animal manure.
复制标题
DOI：
10.2134/jeq2011.0451
复制
发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
P. Pagliari;C. Laboski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Pagliari;C. Laboski
在大多数农场，最可行的有益利用动物粪便的方法是土地应用。在过去的几十年里，重复施用有机肥已经显示出对环境质量的不利影响，由于磷（P）随雨水径流，导致水生态系统的富营养化。提高对粪肥磷化学的认识可能会降低这种风险。在这项研究中，42粪便样品从7个动物物种（肉牛和奶牛，猪，鸡，火鸡，奶山羊，马，羊）依次分级与水，NaHCO 3，NaOH和HCl。无机（P（i）），有机（P（o）），酶水解（P（e）;单酯，DNA和植酸盐样P），和非水解P在每个馏分中进行了测量。测定了所有肥料中的总干灰分P（P（t））。全磷（P（ft））和全磷（i）（P（it））与P（t）呈较强的线性关系。P（t）/P（t）和P（t）/P（t）的比值分别为59 ~ 117%和28 ~ 96%。水和NaHCO水提取的大部分P（i）从反刍动物+马的粪便，而在非反刍动物物种的粪便P的大部分提取的HCl馏分。粪肥P（e）在所有组分（P（et））中的总和占总P（0）的41 - 69%，占P（t）的4 - 29%。在大多数的粪肥的水解池中占主导地位的植酸盐和DNA样P在水中，单酯和DNA样P在NaHCO水，和单酯和植酸盐样P在NaOH和HCl馏分。总之，如果假设来自分级的P（et）和P（it）可以成为生物可利用的，则动物粪便中34%至100%的P（t）将是生物可利用的。这表明，需要经常监测粪便磷更好的粪肥管理措施。
The most viable way to beneficially use animal manure on most farms is land application. Over the past few decades, repeated manure application has shown adverse effects on environmental quality due to phosphorus (P) runoff with rainwater, leading to eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. Improved understanding of manure P chemistry may reduce this risk. In this research, 42 manure samples from seven animal species (beef and dairy cattle, swine, chicken, turkey, dairy goat, horse, and sheep) were sequentially fractionated with water, NaHCO₃, NaOH, and HCl. Inorganic (P(i)), organic (P(o)), enzymatic hydrolyzable (P(e); monoester-, DNA-, and phytate-like P), and nonhydrolyzable P were measured in each fraction. Total dry ash P (P(t)) was measured in all manures. Total fractionated P (P(ft)) and total P(i) (P(it)) showed a strong linear relationship with P(t). However, the ratios between P(ft)/P(t) and P(it)/P(t) varied from 59 to 117% and from 28 to 96%, respectively. Water and NaHCO₃ extracted most of the P(i) in manure from ruminant+horse, whereas in nonruminant species a large fraction of manure P was extracted in the HCl fraction. Manure P(e) summed over all fractions (P(et)) accounted for 41 to 69% of total P(0) and 4 to 29% of P(t). The hydrolyzable pool in the majority of the manures was dominated by phytate- and DNA-like P in water, monoester- and DNA-like P in NaHCO₃, and monoester- and phytate-like P in NaOH and HCl fractions. In conclusion, if one assumes that the P(et) and P(it) from the fractionation can become bioavailable, then from 34 to 100% of P(t) in animal manure would be bioavailable. This suggests the need for frequent monitoring of manure P for better manure management practices.