Cytokines in immunogenic cell death: Applications for cancer immunotherapy.

Cytokines in immunogenic cell death: Applications for cancer immunotherapy.
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免疫细胞死亡中的细胞因子:癌症免疫疗法的应用。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cyto.2017.05.024
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发表时间:
2017-09
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Khaled AR
Khaled AR
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Showalter A;Limaye A;Oyer JL;Igarashi R;Kittipatarin C;Copik AJ;Khaled AR

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尽管化疗和放疗等治疗方法取得了进展,但转移性癌症仍然是癌症患者死亡的主要原因。虽然许多化疗药物可以有效地消灭癌细胞,但无法实现对癌症的长期保护,许多患者经历了癌症复发。动员和刺激免疫系统对抗肿瘤细胞是防止癌症复发和/或转移的最有效方法之一。激活的肿瘤特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(ctl)可以寻找并破坏转移性肿瘤细胞,减少肿瘤病变。自然杀伤细胞(Natural Killer, NK)是抗耐药肿瘤的一线防线,可提供杀瘤活性,增强肿瘤免疫监测能力。细胞因子如IFN-γ或TNF在创造免疫原性微环境中起着至关重要的作用,因此是对抗转移性癌症的关键角色。为此,一组蒽环类药物或光动力疗法(PDT)等治疗方法以激活免疫系统的方式对癌细胞发挥作用。这一过程被称为免疫原性细胞死亡(ICD),其特点是释放膜结合和可溶性因子,增强免疫细胞的功能。本文将探讨不同类型的ICD诱导剂,其中一些正在进行临床试验,以证明优化ICD诱导剂治疗带来的细胞因子反应对促进抗癌免疫至关重要,从而为疾病的复发和转移提供持久的保护。
Despite advances in treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy, metastatic cancer remains a leading cause of death for cancer patients. While many chemotherapeutic agents can efficiently eliminate cancer cells, long-term protection against cancer is not achieved and many patients experience cancer recurrence. Mobilizing and stimulating the immune system against tumor cells is one of the most effective ways to protect against cancers that recur and/or metastasize. Activated tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can seek out and destroy metastatic tumor cells and reduce tumor lesions. Natural Killer (NK) cells are a front-line defense against drug-resistant tumors and can provide tumoricidal activity to enhance tumor immune surveillance. Cytokines like IFN-γ or TNF play a crucial role in creating an immunogenic microenvironment and therefore are key players in the fight against metastatic cancer. To this end, a group of anthracyclines or treatments like photodynamic therapy (PDT) exert their effects on cancer cells in a manner that activates the immune system. This process, known as immunogenic cell death (ICD), is characterized by the release of membrane-bound and soluble factors that boost the function of immune cells. This review will explore different types of ICD inducers, some in clinical trials, to demonstrate that optimizing the cytokine response brought about by treatments with ICD-inducing agents is central to promoting anti-cancer immunity that provides long-lasting protection against disease recurrence and metastasis.
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