Dental bioaerosol as an occupational hazard in a dentist's workplace.
Dental bioaerosol as an occupational hazard in a dentist's workplace.
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牙科生物气溶胶是牙医工作场所的职业危害。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Szymańska
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Szymańska
尽管气溶胶的范围很广，但对作为感染媒介的气溶胶的多年研究却忽略了牙科气溶胶。使用牙科综合治疗机手机进行的所有手术都会形成气溶胶和飞溅物，这些气溶胶和飞溅物通常被细菌、病毒、真菌污染，通常还被血液污染。气溶胶是悬浮在空气中的液体和固体颗粒，直径为 50 微米或更小。飞溅物通常被描述为空气、水和/或固体物质的混合物；飞溅的水滴直径从50微米到几毫米，肉眼可见。最强烈的气溶胶和飞溅排放发生在超声波洁牙机尖端和车针在高速手机上工作的过程中。牙科治疗过程中产生的空气-水气溶胶从患者的口腔中排出并与周围空气混合，从而影响其成分。由于该空间中包含的空气是牙医和患者呼吸的空气，因此其成分极其重要，对牙医的健康构成潜在威胁。作者认为，对健康风险、工作习惯和经济因素认识不足是牙医不采用现有和推荐的生物气溶胶和飞溅影响防护方法的原因。保护牙医和助手免受牙科气溶胶影响造成的威胁的行为不能仅限于孤立的行动。作者根据文献和自己的研究，描述了牙科手术中生物气溶胶和飞溅的特征，并回顾了针对这些危险因素的全方位保护措施。
Many-year studies on aerosols as an infection vector, despite their wide range, ignored dental aerosol. All procedures performed with the use of dental unit handpieces cause the formation of aerosol and splatter which are commonly contaminated with bacteria, viruses, fungi, often also with blood. Aerosols are liquid and solid particles, 50 microm or less in diameter, suspended in air. Splatter is usually described as a mixture of air, water and/or solid substances; water droplets in splatter are from 50 microm to several millimetres in diameter and are visible to the naked eye. The most intensive aerosol and splatter emission occurs during the work of an ultrasonic scaler tip and a bur on a high-speed handpiece. Air-water aerosol produced during dental treatment procedures emerges from a patient's mouth and mixes with the surrounding air, thus influencing its composition. Because air contained in this space is the air breathed by both dentist and patient, its composition is extremely important as a potential threat to the dentist's health. According to the author, insufficient awareness of health risk, working habits, and economic factors are the reasons why dentists do not apply the available and recommended methods of protection against the influence of bioaerosol and splatter. Behaviour protecting a dentist and an assistant from the threat resulting from the influence of dental aerosol cannot be limited to isolated actions. The author, on the basis of the literature and own research, characterizes bioaerosol and splatter in a dental surgery and reviews a full range of protective measures against these risk factors.