Emergence and diversification of a host-parasite RNA ecosystem through Darwinian evolution
Emergence and diversification of a host-parasite RNA ecosystem through Darwinian evolution
复制标题
DOI：
10.7554/elife.56038
复制
发表时间：
2020-07-21
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Ichihashi, Norikazu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furubayashi, Taro;Ueda, Kensuke;Ichihashi, Norikazu
在生物进化前，分子自我复制因子被认为是发展成多样的、复杂的生物体。寄生复制因子的出现被认为是这一过程中的必然结果。然而，寄生复制因子在生命前进化中的作用仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们展示了实验的RNA自我复制（主机RNA）和新兴的寄生复制（寄生RNA）使用我们开发的RNA-蛋白质复制系统的共同进化。在一个长期的复制实验中，宿主RNA的克隆群体通过复制错误产生的新型宿主和寄生RNA的不断出现，变成了一个不断发展的宿主-寄生虫生态系统。宿主和寄生RNA分别分化成至少两个和三个不同的谱系，它们表现出进化的军备竞赛动态。寄生RNA积累了独特的突变，从而为整个复制子集合体添加了新的遗传变异。这些结果提供了第一个实验证据，宿主-寄生虫分子之间的共同进化相互作用在产生多样性和复杂性的益生元分子进化中起着关键作用。
In prebiotic evolution, molecular self-replicators are considered to develop into diverse, complex living organisms. The appearance of parasitic replicators is believed inevitable in this process. However, the role of parasitic replicators in prebiotic evolution remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated experimental coevolution of RNA self-replicators (host RNAs) and emerging parasitic replicators (parasitic RNAs) using an RNA-protein replication system we developed. During a long-term replication experiment, a clonal population of the host RNA turned into an evolving host-parasite ecosystem through the continuous emergence of new types of host and parasitic RNAs produced by replication errors. The host and parasitic RNAs diversified into at least two and three different lineages, respectively, and they exhibited evolutionary arms-race dynamics. The parasitic RNA accumulated unique mutations, thus adding a new genetic variation to the whole replicator ensemble. These results provide the first experimental evidence that the coevolutionary interplay between host-parasite molecules plays a key role in generating diversity and complexity in prebiotic molecular evolution.