Predictors of urinary and blood Metal(loid) concentrations among pregnant women in Northern Puerto Rico
Predictors of urinary and blood Metal(loid) concentrations among pregnant women in Northern Puerto Rico
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2020.109178
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Meeker, John D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ashrap, Pahriya;Watkins, Deborah J.;Meeker, John D.
鉴于潜在的不良健康影响与有毒微量金属暴露和孕妇及其胎儿的必需微量金属不足或过量水平，本研究的特点是在重复的时间点，在波多黎各妇女怀孕期间的金属和类金属暴露的生物标志物。我们从产前诊所招募了1040名孕妇，并在最多三次访视时收集了尿液、血液和关于人口统计学、产品使用、食物消耗和水使用的问卷数据。分析所有样品的16种金属（类）：砷（As）、钡（Ba）、铍（Be）、镉（Cd）、钴（Co）、铬（Cr）、铯（Cs）、铜（Cu）、汞（Hg）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）、钛（Ti）、铀（U）、钒（V）和锌（Zn）。另外分析尿液样本中的钼（Mo）、铂（Pt）、锑（Sb）、锡（Sn）和钨（W）。与一般美国女性人群相比，参与者中大多数金属（loid）的平均浓度较高。我们发现基质间比较的弱至中度相关性，以及在每个生物基质内测量的几种金属（loid）之间的中度至强相关性。铜，锌，锰，汞和铅的血液浓度被证明是反映可靠的生物标志物的曝光。对于其他金属，建议在流行病学研究中重复采样进行接触评估。金属（类）生物标志物的预测因素包括鱼和大米的消费（尿砷），鱼和罐头食品（血汞），饮用公共水（血铅），吸烟（血镉），铁/叶酸补充剂的使用（尿铯，钼，锑）。随着时间的推移和矩阵之间的金属（类）生物标志物的变化，并确定重要的暴露源的特性，可以为未来的流行病学研究和减少暴露的策略。
Given the potential adverse health effects related to toxic trace metal exposure and insufficient or excessive levels of essential trace metals in pregnant women and their fetuses, the present study characterizes biomarkers of metal and metalloid exposure at repeated time points during pregnancy among women in Puerto Rico. We recruited 1040 pregnant women from prenatal clinics and collected urine, blood, and questionnaire data on demographics, product use, food consumption, and water usage at up to three visits. All samples were analyzed for 16 metal(loid)s: arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cesium (Cs), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), titanium (Ti), uranium (U), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn). Urine samples were additionally analyzed for molybdenum (Mo), platinum (Pt), antimony (Sb), tin (Sn), and tungsten (W). Mean concentrations of most metal(loid)s were higher among participants compared to the general US female population. We found weak to moderate correlations for inter-matrix comparisons, and moderate to strong correlations between several metal(loid)s measured within each biological matrix. Blood concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mn, Hg, and Pb were shown to reflect reliable biomarkers of exposure. For other metals, repeated samples are recommended for exposure assessment in epidemiology studies. Predictors of metal(loid) biomarkers included fish and rice consumption (urinary As), fish and canned food (blood Hg), drinking public water (blood Pb), smoking (blood Cd), and iron/folic acid supplement use (urinary Cs, Mo, and Sb). Characterization of metal(loid) biomarker variation over time and between matrices, and identification of important exposure sources, may inform future epidemiology studies and exposure reduction strategies.