Consistent avoidance of human disturbance over large geographical distances by a migratory bird.
Consistent avoidance of human disturbance over large geographical distances by a migratory bird.
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候鸟在远距离范围内始终避免人类干扰。
DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2011.0295
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Végvári Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Végvári Z
最近关于动物性格的研究表明，个体可能在不同情况和背景下表现出一致的行为。这些研究通常在一个地点和/或在很短的时间间隔内进行。然而，许多动物会迁徙并在几个不同的地理地点度过一生，它们可能会采取当地环境特有的行为，或者在不同的生态地点保持一致的行为。长途迁徙物种为测试动物是否在大地理范围内保持其个性提供了绝佳的机会，尽管与这些研究相关的实际困难阻碍了此类测试。在这里，我们使用鹤鹤作为生态模型物种，首次证明了长距离候鸟的干扰耐受行为的一致性。在芬兰未受干扰的栖息地孵化的鹤会选择匈牙利未受干扰的迁徙中途停留地，距离繁殖地 1300 至 2000 公里。这是值得注意的，因为这些地点不仅相距很远，而且在生态上也有所不同：繁殖地是树木繁茂的沼泽和亚北极苔原，而迁徙的中途停留地是温带碱性草原。我们研究的意义超越了进化生物学和行为生态学：对行为的局部影响可能会影响很远的距离，而栖息地选择迄今为止隐藏的影响需要纳入保护规划中。
Recent work on animal personalities has demonstrated that individuals may show consistent behaviour across situations and contexts. These studies were often carried out in one location and/or during short time intervals. Many animals, however, migrate and spend their life in several geographically distinct locations, and they may either adopt behaviours specific to the local environment or keep consistent behaviours over ecologically distinct locations. Long-distance migratory species offer excellent opportunities to test whether the animals maintain their personalities over large geographical scale, although the practical difficulties associated with these studies have hampered such tests. Here, we demonstrate for the first time consistency in disturbance tolerance behaviour in a long-distance migratory bird, using the common craneGrus grusas an ecological model species. Cranes that hatched in undisturbed habitats in Finland choose undisturbed migratory stop-over sites in Hungary, 1300–2000 km away from their breeding ground. This is remarkable, because these sites are not only separated by large distances, they also differ ecologically: the breeding sites are wooded bogs and subarctic tundra, whereas the migratory stop-over sites are temperate zone alkaline grasslands. The significance of our study goes beyond evolutionary biology and behavioural ecology: local effects on behaviour may carry over large distances, and this hitherto hidden implication of habitat selection needs to be incorporated into conservation planning.