Disentangling the contribution of multiple land covers to fire-mediated carbon emissions in Amazonia during the 2010 drought.
Disentangling the contribution of multiple land covers to fire-mediated carbon emissions in Amazonia during the 2010 drought.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/2014gb005008
复制
发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Duarte V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson LO;Aragão LE;Gloor M;Arai E;Adami M;Saatchi SS;Malhi Y;Shimabukuro YE;Barlow J;Berenguer E;Duarte V
在不到15 年的时间里，亚马逊地区经历了三次大干旱。1997/1998年、2005年和2010年的干旱已经证明了干旱和火灾之间的联系。2010年，仅亚马逊地区就有510 ± 120 TG C的排放与火灾有关。然而，现有的办法尚未理清多个土地覆盖来源在这一总数中所占的比例。我们开发了一个关于土地覆盖、活跃的火灾和燃烧面积的多传感器和多时相卫星数据的新集成，以及火灾导致生物量损失的经验模型，以量化2010年受干旱影响最严重的亚马孙南部马托格罗索州(Mato Grosso)多个土地覆盖的燃烧面积和由此造成的生物量损失的程度。我们发现，10.77%(96,855 km2)的MT被烧毁。我们估计生物质直接燃烧产生的总碳排放量为56.21 ± 22.5 Tg C，另外29.4 ± 10 Tg C将因枯木腐烂而在接下来的几年中排放。据估计，在2010年火灾季节，整个巴西合法亚马逊地区的古老森林火灾导致14.81 Tg的C(11.75 Tg C至17.87 Tg C)排放到大气中，受影响的面积为27,555 平方公里。2010年MT州的火灾和BLA的老森林火灾造成的碳损失总量分别占巴西国家气候变化计划减少亚马逊森林砍伐碳排放量年度目标的77%(47%至107%)和86%(68.2%至103%)。2010年旱季期间燃烧的10.77%(96,855 km2)马托格罗索州2010年总碳排放量为56.21 ± 22.5 TG C 2010年巴西亚马逊老树林火排放量为14.81 TG C
In less than 15 years, the Amazon region experienced three major droughts. Links between droughts and fires have been demonstrated for the 1997/1998, 2005, and 2010 droughts. In 2010, emissions of 510 ± 120 Tg C were associated to fire alone in Amazonia. Existing approaches have, however, not yet disentangled the proportional contribution of multiple land cover sources to this total. We develop a novel integration of multisensor and multitemporal satellite‐derived data on land cover, active fires, and burned area and an empirical model of fire‐induced biomass loss to quantify the extent of burned areas and resulting biomass loss for multiple land covers in Mato Grosso (MT) state, southern Amazonia—the 2010 drought most impacted region. We show that 10.77% (96,855 km2) of MT burned. We estimated a gross carbon emission of 56.21 ± 22.5 Tg C from direct combustion of biomass, with an additional 29.4 ± 10 Tg C committed to be emitted in the following years due to dead wood decay. It is estimated that old‐growth forest fires in the whole Brazilian Legal Amazon (BLA) have contributed to 14.81 Tg of C (11.75 Tg C to 17.87 Tg C) emissions to the atmosphere during the 2010 fire season, with an affected area of 27,555 km2. Total C loss from the 2010 fires in MT state and old‐growth forest fires in the BLA represent, respectively, 77% (47% to 107%) and 86% (68.2% to 103%) of Brazil's National Plan on Climate Change annual target for Amazonia C emission reductions from deforestation. The 10.77% (96,855 km2) of MT burned during the 2010 dry season Mato Grosso gross c emission in 2010 was 56.21 ± 22.5 Tg C Old‐growth forest fire emission in 2010 in the Brazilian Amazon was 14.81 Tg C