Bromalites from a turtle-dominated fossil assemblage from the Triassic of Poland
Bromalites from a turtle-dominated fossil assemblage from the Triassic of Poland
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.02.002
复制
发表时间：
2019-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Piotr Bajdek;T. Szczygielski;A. Kapuścińska;T. Sulej
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piotr Bajdek;T. Szczygielski;A. Kapuścińska;T. Sulej
研究了波兰上三叠统一个以海龟为主的化石组合中的溴石（粪化石和可能的一些煤矸石）。在波里巴遗址采集的溴铁矿分为四种形态类型（A、B、C和D），分别属于鲨鱼、中型杂食性或食肉性四足动物（可能是海龟）、大型食肉性主龙（可能是兽脚亚目）和不确定的大型草食性四足动物（可能是双齿兽或翼龙）。在材料中发现了食物残留物、大量虫卵（可能是寄生虫）和微生物。几条证据表明，至少部分B型标本可能是由海龟产生的，因为（a）海龟是组合中占主导地位的四足动物（超过四足动物骨骼遗骸的五分之四），（B）粪化石具有足够的大小，（c）它们似乎是由低代谢率的食肉动物产生的，就像现存的海龟一样。B类标本的内容意味着晚三叠世的龟Proterochersis porebensis部分是食鱼的，但可能补充其饮食与更多样化的食物，包括植物。Proterochersis porebensis的半水生习性也可能提供了一个埋藏学解释的相对丰富的海龟遗骸在Porneba网站，波兰。鲨鱼溴铁矿和粪化石标本可能属于兽脚类恐龙，也含有丰富的鱼类遗骸。此外，还讨论了鱼类留下的螺旋状和涡状溴镁矾的成因和分类。
Bromalites (coprolites and possibly some cololites) from a turtle-dominated fossil assemblage from the Upper Triassic of Poland were studied. Bromalites collected at the Poręba site are grouped within four morphotypes (A, B, C, and D) attributable to sharks, medium-sized omnivorous or carnivorous tetrapods (likely turtles), sizable carnivorous archosaurs (likely theropods) and an indeterminate big herbivorous tetrapod (possibly dicynodonts or aetosaurs), respectively. Food residues, abundant eggs (possibly of parasites), and microorganisms were found within the materials. Several lines of evidence suggest that at least part of the type B specimens might have been produced by turtles, since (a) turtles are the prevailing tetrapods in the assemblage (over 4/5 of tetrapod bone remains), (b) coprolites are of adequate size, and (c) they appear to have been produced by a carnivore of a low metabolic rate, as seen in extant turtles. The content of the type B specimens would imply that the Late Triassic turtleProterochersis porebensiswas partly piscivorous, but possibly complemented its diet with a more diversified foodstuff, including plants. Semiaquatic habit ofProterochersis porebensismight also provide a taphonomic explanation of the relative abundance of turtle remains at the Poręba site, Poland. Shark bromalites and coprolite specimens attributable likely to theropod dinosaurs also contain abundant fish remains. Origin and classification of spiral and scroll bromalites left by fish are discussed in addition.