The Food Production Environment and the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Pathogens of Animal Origin.
The Food Production Environment and the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Pathogens of Animal Origin.
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DOI：
10.3390/microorganisms5010011
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发表时间：
2017-03-14
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Varela MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lekshmi M;Ammini P;Kumar S;Varela MF
食源性病原体是世界范围内严重的人类健康问题，而对抗生素具有抗药性的食品病原体的出现进一步混淆了这一问题。曾经高效的抗生素对许多重要的病原体逐渐失效，导致严重的治疗危机。在抗菌素耐药性发展和蔓延的几个原因中，它们在动物性食品生产系统中过度使用以治疗感染以外的目的是突出的。许多动物的病原体是人畜共患病的，因此与食用动物相关的病原体的任何抗药性的发展都可以通过食物链传播给人类。人类被弯曲杆菌、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等耐药病原体感染的情况正在增加。考虑到食用动物相关细菌中出现的抗生素耐药性对人类健康的危害，许多国家已经禁止使用抗生素生长促进剂，并禁止在动物中使用对人类医学至关重要的抗生素。需要全球共同努力，最大限度地减少食用动物中抗菌剂的使用，以控制这些系统中抗生素耐药性的发展，并控制它们通过食物和水传播给人类。
Food-borne pathogens are a serious human health concern worldwide, and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant food pathogens has further confounded this problem. Once-highly-efficacious antibiotics are gradually becoming ineffective against many important pathogens, resulting in severe treatment crises. Among several reasons for the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance, their overuse in animal food production systems for purposes other than treatment of infections is prominent. Many pathogens of animals are zoonotic, and therefore any development of resistance in pathogens associated with food animals can spread to humans through the food chain. Human infections by antibiotic-resistant pathogens such as Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are increasing. Considering the human health risk due to emerging antibiotic resistance in food animal–associated bacteria, many countries have banned the use of antibiotic growth promoters and the application in animals of antibiotics critically important in human medicine. Concerted global efforts are necessary to minimize the use of antimicrobials in food animals in order to control the development of antibiotic resistance in these systems and their spread to humans via food and water.